2017年下半年catti初级口译复习题及答案
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6. We note policy actions in Europe, the United States and Japan aimed at reducing tail-risks in the world economy. Some of these actions produce negative spillover effects on other economies of the world. Significant risks remain and the performance of the global economy still falls behind our expectations. As a result, uncertainty about strength and durability of the recovery and the direction of policy in some major economies remains high. In some key countries unemployment stays unusually elevated, while high levels of private and public indebtedness inhibit growth. In such circumstances, we reaffirm our strong commitment to support growth and foster financial stability. We also underscore the need for appropriate action to be taken by advanced economies in order to rebuild confidence, foster growth and secure a strong recovery.
6、我们注意到欧洲、美国和日本为减少世界经济尾部风险所采取的政策措施.其中的部分措施给世界其他经济体带来负面外溢效应.世界经济重大风险犹存,形势仍低于预期.在经济复苏的力度和持续性、主要经济体政策方向方面,不确定性依然很大.在一些重要国家,失业率居高不下,高企的私人和公共债务抑制了经济增长.在此情况下,我们重申关于支持增长和维护金融稳定的强烈承诺,并强调发达经济体需要采取适当措施以重建信心,促进增长并确保经济强劲复苏.
7. Central Banks in advanced economies have responded with unconventional monetary policy actions which have increased global liquidity. While this may be consistent with domestic monetary policy mandates, major Central Banks should avoid the unintended consequences of these actions in the form of increased volatility of capital flows, currencies and commodity prices, which may have negative growth effects on other economies, in particular developing countries.
7、发达经济体的央行采取非常规货币政策,增加了全球流动性.这可能符合其国内货币政策的授权,但主要央行应避免此举带来加剧资本、汇率和大宗商品价格波动等预料之外的后果,以免对其他经济体特别是发展中国家经济增长带来负面影响.
8. We welcome the core objectives of the Russian Presidency in the G20 in 2013, in particular the efforts to increased financing for investment and ensure public debt sustainability aimed at ensuring strong, sustainable, inclusive and balanced growth and job creation around the world. We will also continue to prioritize the G20 development agenda as a vital element of global economic stability and long-term sustainable growth and job creation.
8、我们欢迎俄罗斯作为2013年二十国集团主席国提出的核心目标,特别是为促进全球强劲、可持续、包容和平衡增长、增加就业而增加投资融资、确保公共债务可持续性的努力.我们也将继续突出二十国集团发展议程,将其作为全球经济稳定、长期可持续增长和增加就业的关键要素.
9. Developing countries face challenges of infrastructure development due to insufficient long-term financing and foreign direct investment, especially investment in capital stock. This constrains global aggregate demand. BRICS cooperation towards more productive use of global financial resources can make a positive contribution to addressing this problem. In March 2012 we directed our Finance Ministers to examine the feasibility and viability of setting up a New Development Bank for mobilizing resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging economies and developing countries, to supplement the existing efforts of multilateral and regional financial institutions for global growth and development. Following the report from our Finance Ministers, we are satisfied that the establishment of a New Development Bank is feasible and viable. We have agreed to establish the New Development Bank. The initial contribution to the Bank should be substantial and sufficient for the Bank to be effective in financing infrastructure.
9、由于长期融资和外国直接投资不足,尤其是资本市场投资不足,发展中国家面临基础设施建设的挑战.这限制了全球总需求.金砖国家合作推动更有效利用全球金融资源,可以为解决上述问题做出积极贡献.2012年3月,我们指示财长们评估建立一个新的开发银行的`可能性和可行性,为金砖国家、其他新兴市场和发展中国家的基础设施和可持续发展项目筹集资金,作为对全球增长和发展领域的现有多边和区域金融机构的补充.根据财长们的报告,我们满意地看到建立一个新的开发银行是可能和可行的.我们同意建立该银行,银行的初始资本应该是实质性的和充足的,以便有效开展基础设施融资.
10. In June 2012, in our meeting in Los Cabos, we tasked our Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to explore the construction of a financial safety net through the creation of a Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) amongst BRICS countries. They have concluded that the establishment of a self-managed contingent reserve arrangement would have a positive precautionary effect, help BRICS countries forestall short-term liquidity pressures, provide mutual support and further strengthen financial stability. It would also contribute to strengthening the global financial safety net and complement existing international arrangements as an additional line of defence. We are of the view that the establishment of the CRA with an initial size of 100 billion U.S. dollars is feasible and desirable subject to internal legal frameworks and appropriate safeguards. We direct our Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to continue working towards its establishment.
10、2012年6月,我们在洛斯卡沃斯会晤时指示财长和央行行长探讨通过成立金砖国家应急储备安排来建设金融安全网.他们的结论是建立一个自我管理的应急储备安排具有积极预防效果,将帮助金砖国家应对短期流动性压力,提供相互支持,并进一步加强金融稳定.这也将作为一道增加的防线,为补充现有国际外汇储备安排、加强全球金融安全网做出贡献.我们认为在符合各自国内法律和具有适当安全保证的条件下,建立一个初始规模为1000亿美元的应急储备安排是可能和共同期待的.我们指示财长和央行行长继续朝着建立该安排的目标努力.
11. We are grateful to our Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors for the work undertaken on the New Development Bank and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement and direct them to negotiate and conclude the agreements which will establish them. We will review progress made in these two initiatives at our next meeting in September 2013.