历年职称英语考试理工A真题训练题

相关推荐

历年职称英语考试理工A真题训练题

　　在平时的学习中，很多人都经常追着老师们要知识点吧，知识点也可以通俗的理解为重要的内容。为了帮助大家掌握重要知识点，下面是小编帮大家整理的历年职称英语考试理工A真题训练题，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

历年职称英语考试理工A真题训练题

　　历年职称英语考试理工A真题训练题 1

　　Climate Change: The Long Reach

　　(1) Earth is warming. Sea levels are rising. Theres more carbon in the air, and Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientists who study the environment to better gauge (评估) Earths future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very long time.

　　(2) People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases carbon dioxide, a colorless gas. In the air, this gas traps heat at Earths surface. And the more carbon dioxide released, the more the planet warms. If current consumption of fossil fuels doesnt slow, the long-term climate impacts could last thousands of years--and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper.

　　(3) Most climate-change studies look at whats going to happen in the next century or so. During that time, changes in the planets environment could nudge ( 推动) global warming even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt,sunlight can now reach--and warm--the exposed ground. This extra heat raises the air temperature even more, causing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a "fast feedback".

　　(4) Zeebe says its important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, theyre limited. From a climate change perspective. "This century is the most important time for the next few generations," he told Science News. "But the world is not ending in 2100." For his new study,Zeebe now focuses on "slow feedbacks". While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life--as they relocate to more comfortable areas--are two examples of slow feedbacks.

　　(5) Zeebe gathered information from previously published studies investigating how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramatic changes in climate.Then he came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degree Fahrenheit) change by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added another 1.5 ℃--for a 6 total increase, Zeebe reports. He also found that stow feedback events will cause global warming to persist for thousands of years after people run out of fossil fuels to burn.

　　23～26概括大意

　　23. Paragraph 2__________

　　24. Paragraph 3 __________

　　25. Paragraph 4 __________

　　26. Paragraph 5 __________

　　A. Rising of sea levels

　　B. Impact of burning fossil fuels

　　C. Fast feedbacks

　　D. Slow feedbacks

　　E. Unpredictability of feedback processes

　　F. A prediction of future climate change

　　27～30完成句子

　　27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fast in __________.

　　28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlight to reach __________.

　　29. Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction by analyzing __________.

　　30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warming will continue for__________.

　　A. the exposed ground

　　B. a very long time

　　C. the extra heat

　　D. recorded history

　　E. previously published studies

　　F. rapid exaggeration of impacts

　　23.A。题干：第二段的主要内容是__________。本段属于递进结构。首句讲到“人们经常燃烧化石燃料来获取热量和能量”，从第二句开始阐述燃烧化石燃料会释放二氧化碳，从而对气候产生影响。因此本段的主题是B(燃烧化石燃料的影响)。

　　24.C。题干：第三段的主要内容是__________。该段的主题句为最后一句：这个过程叫作fast feedback。

　　25.D。题干：第四段的主要内容是__________。该段为转折结构。第一句为引子“看快速反馈是十分重要的”，第二旬前的however使得话锋一转，认为快速反应是有局限的，从而可推理得知该段的主题为slow feedback，这与该段中间的总结是一致的。故本题选D。

　　26.F。题干：第五段的主要内容是__________。该段主题句为第二句：(在基于以前收集的信息基础上)他得出了解释未来快速反应与慢速反应进程的结论以及由此结论得到气候上升度数不同的结论。因此本题选F最合适。

　　27.D。题干：北极的冰在从未融化得如此之快。根据Arctic ice回到原文定位到第一段第二句“Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history.”可知，该空应该填入D。

　　28.A。题干：冰雪的.融化使得阳光能达到__________。根据melting snow and ice回到原文定位到第三段，由“Butasthesemelt，sunlightcannow reach—andwam—theexposedground”可知该空应该填入the exposed ground。这里的these指代的就是melting snow and ice。

　　29.E。题干：Zeebe通过分析__________预测了未来气候变化。通过Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction回到原文定位到最后一段，首句中有答案：收集以前的研究数据。

　　30.B。题干：化石燃烧尽了之后，全球变暖还会__________。用After fossil fuels are used up定位到末段的最后一句“causeglobalwarmingtopersistforthousands ofyears afterpeople run out offossil fuels to bum”，可知该空答案为B。其中use up与run out对应，thousands of years对应选项中的a very long time。

　　历年职称英语考试理工A真题训练题 2

　　Maglev Trains

　　A few countries are using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains, called maglev trains. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation1, which means that these trains float over a guide way using the basic principles of magnets to replace the old steel wheel and track trains.

　　If you’ve ever played with magnets, you know that opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other. This is the basic principle behind electromagnetic propulsion. Electromagnets are similar to other magnets in that they attract metal objects, but the magnetic pull is temporary. You can easily create a small electromagnet yourself by connecting the ends of a copper wire to the positive and negative ends of an AA-cell battery. This creates a small magnetic field. If you disconnect either end of the wire from the battery, the magnetic field is taken away.

　　The magnetic field created in this wire-and-battery experiment is the simple idea behind a maglev train rail system. There are three components to this system: A large electrical power source, metal coils lining a guide way or track, and large guidance magnets attached to the underside of the train.

　　The big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine-at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks4. The engine for maglev trains is rather innoticeable. Instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combines to propel the trains.

　　The magnetized coil running along the track, called a guideway, repels the large magnets on the train’s undercarriage, allowing the train to levitate between 1 to 10 cm above the guideway. Once the train is levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway. The electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward, while the magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrust.

　　Maglev trains float on a cushion of air, eliminating friction. This lack of friction allows these trains to reach unprecedented ground transportation speeds of more than 500 kph, or twice as fast as the fastest conventional train. At 500 kph, you could travel from Paris to Rome in just over two hours.

　　23. Paragraph 3 _____

　　24. Paragraph 4 _____

　　25. Paragraph 5 _____

　　26. Paragraph 6 _____

　　A. The Main Components of the Maglev Train System

　　B. High-speed Maglev due to Zero Friction

　　C. The Working Principle of the Maglev Train

　　D. Differences between Polarity and Magnetic Field

　　E. Comparison of Maglev Trains with Traditional Ones

　　F. Maglev with a Powerful Motor

　　27. Several countries in the world are using strong electromagnets _____.

　　28. You can connect a wire to the positive and negative ends of a battery _____.