职称英语考试卫生A级阅读理解真题预测

　　无论是在学校还是在社会中，我们都不可避免地会接触到考试真题，通过考试真题可以检测参试者所掌握的知识和技能。大家知道什么样的考试真题才是规范的吗？以下是小编整理的职称英语考试卫生A级阅读理解真题预测，希望对大家有所帮助。

　　职称英语考试卫生A级阅读理解真题预测 1

　　第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第二篇 Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)

　　The Sahel zone lies between the Sahara desert and the fertilesavannahs(热带大草原)of northern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional ,andthis is a good description of these semi-arid (半干旱)lands, whichoccupy much of the Western African countries of Mail, Mauritania, Niger, andChad.

　　Unfortunately, over the last century the Sahara desert has steadilycrept southwards eating into once productive Sahel lands. United Nationssurveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land in agriculture use in Africahas deteriorated over the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, themost recent lasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The sameprocess of desertification is taking place across southern Africa as theKalahari desert advances into Botswana and parts of South Africa

　　One of the major causes of this desert advance is poor agriculturalland use, driven by the pressures of increasing population. Overgrazing 一 keeping toomany farm animals on the land一 means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarcewater supplies are exhausted. Overcultivation 一 trying to grow toomany crops on poor land 一 results in the soil becoming even less fertile and drier, andbeginning to break up. Soil erosion (侵蚀) follows, and theland turns into desert.

　　Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees arecut down for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultural use. Tree rootshelp to bind the soil together, to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitatfor other plants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dryand loosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, andeventually the fertile topsoil may be almost entirely lost, leaving only barerock and dust.

　　The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible.They are, however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover andsustainable agricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration ofsoils and lessen the effects of shortage of rainfall. One project in Kita insouth-west Mali funded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainablemanagement of forest, while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的)agriculturaleconomy. This may be a model for similar projects in other West Africancountries.

　　36.The Sahel zone is anarea which ___.

　　A.is covered with sad and grass

　　B. has a long history

　　C. occupies much of South Nigeria

　　D. belongs to Sudan

　　37. What is the situation about thedesertification in Africa?

　　A. The deserts are replaced with grasslands

　　B.The deserts are expanding

　　C. the deserts are moving northwards

　　D. the deserts are being deserted

　　38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph 2means ___.

　　A. deepened

　　B. suffered

　　C. slipped

　　D.worsened

　　39. What is the root cause ofdesertification?

　　A.poor farming

　　B. overpopulation

　　C. radical climate change

　　D. disappearance of rare plant species

　　40. In order to prevent desertification, theauthor proposes ___.

　　A. making good use of international aids

　　B.developing a sustainable agricultural economy

　　C. gaining international support

　　D. converting agricultural land into forest

　　职称英语考试卫生A级阅读理解真题预测 2

　　Some Schooling on Backpacks

　　According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 5,900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctors offices last year for sprains (扭伤) and strains caused by backpacks. Such injuries are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians surveyed by the American Academy of Orthopedic (整形外科的) Surgeons listed backpacks as a potential clinical problem for children.

　　How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags that have wide, padded straps (有垫的背带)and a belt. That will help transfer some of the weight from the back and shoulders to the hips. You should also tighten both straps firmly, so the pack rests about 2 inches above your waist. Also,remember to pack your bag with the heaviest items closest to your back and to bend both knees when you pick it up.

　　How much should you stuff into your pack? That depends on your size and strength, but a general rule is not to exceed 20 percent of your body weight. So if a child weighsl00 pounds, the backpack and its load should not be more than 20 pounds. One hint: Make frequent trips to your locker (储物柜) to exchange books between classes.

　　Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground, but they have problems too.

　　Many are larger than the average shoulder bag, so students are tempted to carry more than they would in a conventional pack.

　　Roller bags often dont ftt into a locker. They can also lead to tripping and falls in crowded halls. Whatever you use, 10 Or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengthening is a good idea.

　　16. About six thousand American kids were injured by carrying backpacks last year.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　17. 70 percent of UK physicians have treated children with sprains and strains.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　18. Backpacks with wide, padded straps and a belt can help to avoid problems of sprains and strains.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　19. A 100-pound child should carry a backpack of more than 20 pounds.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　20. Children should put all the books in their lockers.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　21. Roller bags tend to be heavier than ordinary backpack.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　22. A 10-15 minutes exercise will help you bear a heavier backpack.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案与解析

　　16.A。题干：去年大约6000个美国孩子因为背包而受伤。由文章第一段第一句可知，根据统计，去年美国有5900个孩子因为由背带书包引起的扭伤及拉伤而接受治疗。故题干表述正确。

　　17.B。题干：70%的英国医生曾经治疗过孩子的拉伤和扭伤。文章第一段最后一句中关于此处的表述背景是在美国，而题干中是英国，并且此处的'70%指的是占接受调查医生总数中的比例。故题干描述错误。

　　18.A。题干：一个带有宽背带垫和腰带的背包有利于避免拉伤和扭伤的问题。由文章第二段第二句和第三句可知，选择一个带有宽背带垫和腰带的背包有助于把背包的一部分重量从肩部和背部转移分担到臀部。

　　19.B。题干：一个l00磅的孩子应该背20多磅的背包。由文章第三段第三句可知，如果一个孩子体重为一百磅，那么他的背包负重不应超过20磅。

　　20.B。题干：孩子们应该将所有的书放进储物柜里。由文章第三段最后一句可知，文章给出的建议是经常去储物柜调换不同科目用的课本，而不是将所有的课本都放入储物柜里。

　　21.C。题干：拉杆式书包往往比普通背包重。文章第四段第二句中提到很多拉杆式书包比普通的带肩带背包要大，但并未提到其重量。

　　22.A。题干：l0——15分钟的锻炼可以帮助你承受更多的背包重量。由文章最有一段最后一句可知，l0到l5分钟的拉伸和背部强化锻炼会是很不错的方法。故题干描述正确。

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