英语专八听力考试训练材料
现如今，我们经常跟考试题打交道，借助考试题可以更好地考查参试者所掌握的知识和技能。什么样的考试题才是科学规范的考试题呢？以下是小编精心整理的英语专八听力考试训练材料，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
英语专八听力考试训练材料 1
[00:28.55]SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
[00:28.54]In this section,you will hear a mini-lecture.
[00:31.72]You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY.
[00:34.34]While listening, take notes on the important points.
[00:37.84]Your notes will not be marked,
[00:39.81]but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
[00:43.97]When the lecture is over,
[00:46.27]you’ll be given two minutes to check your notes,
[00:48.56]and another 10 minutes to complete the gap-filling task.
[00:51.84]Now listen to the mini-lecture.
[00:54.25]Good morning.
[00:56.76]Today’s lecture is about the motivation for words.
[01:00.27]First, what is motivation?
[01:02.56]Motivation deals with the connection between name and sense.
[01:06.72]In the previous lecture,
[01:08.47]we have mentioned two rival schools of thought:
[01:11.31]one school is the Naturalists,
[01:13.39]who believed that there was an intrinsic connection between sound and sense;
[01:17.65]the other school is the Conventionalists,
[01:20.28]who held that the connection between sound and sense was purely a matter of tradition and convention.
[01:25.64]The first motivation is the onomatopoeic motivation.
[01:29.25]The word onomatopoeia is derived from the Greek word onomatopoeia,
[01:33.85]which means “word-making”.
[01:35.81]Onomatopoeic motivation means defining the principle of motivation by sound.
[01:41.28]The sounds of such words as cuckoo,
[01:44.24]ding-dong, buzz seem to be appropriate to their senses.
[01:48.06]But it has to be pointed out that onomatopoeic words
[01:51.89]constitute only a small part of the vocabulary.
[01:54.73]According to Stephen Ullmann,
[01:56.95]onomatopoeic formation can be divided into primary onomatopoeia
[02:00.78]and secondary onomatopoeia.
[02:02.53]Primary onomatopoeia means the imitation of sound by sound.
[02:06.90]Here the sound is truly an “echo to the sense”.
[02:10.40]Terms like crack, growl, hum, roar, squeak,
[02:15.65]whiz and a great many fall into this category.
[02:19.04]Secondary onomatopoeia means that certain sounds and sound-sequences
[02:23.74]are associated with certain senses in an expressive relationship.
[02:27.79]In this form, the sounds evoke a movement,
[02:30.42]as in such words: quiver, wriggle, slither.
[02:34.03]The sound may also evoke some physical or moral quality,
[02:37.75]usually unfavorable.
[02:39.39]For example, gloom, slimy, sloppy, sloth.
[02:43.21]Some of these onomatopoeic terms have certain elements in common.
[02:47.04]For example, the sound /sn/ may express three types of experiences.
[02:52.18]They are, first, “breath-noise” as in sniff, snuff, snore, snort,
[02:58.77]second,“quick separation or movement” as in snip, snap, snatch,
[03:04.79]and third, “creeping” as in snake, snail, sneak.
[03:09.83]Final groups have similar functions.
[03:12.88]For example, the combination of –
[03:15.14]are at the end of a word suggests “big light or noise”
[03:18.74]as in blare, flare, glare, stare;
[03:22.90]the combination of -ump at the end of a word suggests “heavy fall”
[03:28.15]as in dump, crump, plump, slump, thump.
[03:32.75]Another interesting feature of onomatopoeic patterns
[03:36.79]is that they often work by vowel alternation.
[03:39.54]By substituting one vowel for another, one can express different noises.
[03:44.35]For example: snip---snap, sniff---snuff, flip---flap---flop.
[03:50.81]Closely connected to this tendency are reduplicated words and phrases,
[03:55.84]such as wishy-washy, tit-tat, tick-tock, click-clack.
[04:01.09]It should be noted that many onomatopoeic forms are based on alternations
[04:06.95]of not vowels but of initial consonants,
[04:09.68]such as higgledy-piggledy, helter-skelter, namby-pamby, roly-poly etc.
[04:15.92]The second motivation is semantic motivation.
[04:19.53]Semantic motivation means that motivation is based on semantic factors.
[04:23.90]It is a kind of mental association.
[04:26.85]When we speak of the bonnet of a car, a coat of paint,
[04:30.79]or when we speak of potatoes cooked in their jackets,
[04:33.75]these expressions are motivated by the similarity
[04:36.81]between the garments and the objects referred to.
[04:39.21]In the same way, when we say the cloth for the clergy,
[04:42.38]“town and gown” for “town and university”,
[04:45.01]there is semantic motivation due to the fact
[04:47.74]that the garments in question are closely associated
[04:50.65]with the persons they designate.
[04:52.17]Both types of expressions are figurative:
[04:54.79]the former are metaphoric and the latter are metonymic.
[04:58.84]We can see that semantic motivation is closely connected with figures of speech.
[05:02.99]Here I’ll name three of them.
[05:05.29]First, metaphor.
[05:06.60]Metaphor is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison.
[05:10.32]For example: “he has a heart of stone”.
[05:13.06]“The curtain of night has fallen.”
[05:15.57]Another figure of speech is metonymy.
[05:18.30]It is a device in which we name something by one of its attributes,
[05:22.13]as in crown for king, the turf for horse-racing,
[05:26.51]the White House for the US president.
[05:29.46]Similar to metonymy is synecdoche,
[05:32.63]which means the substitution of a part for a whole or a whole for a part,
[05:36.68]as in bread for food, the army for a soldier, etc.
[05:40.97]Apart from onomatopoeic motivation and semantic motivation,
[05:45.13]there is also logical motivation.
[05:47.32]Logical motivation deals with the problem of defining a concept by means of logic.
[05:52.46]A definition has two forms.
[05:54.76]A common form of definition
[05:56.43]is“This means such and such.”
[05:58.94]“Fat” means “having much flesh”.
[06:01.57]Another form of definition is
[06:03.65]“This means the same as that”
[06:05.41]or“This is equivalent to that”.
[06:07.38]“Fat” means “the same as obese’.
[06:10.00]These two forms of the definition show that a definition has two parts:
[06:14.70]the word being defined,
[06:16.46]and the definition that is being made.
[06:18.43]Giving a definition involves two steps to be taken.
[06:22.03]One step is to identify the concept of a genus,
[06:24.99]that is, a class of things made up of two or more subordinate classes or species.
[06:29.80]The other step is to identify the attributes distinguishing
[06:33.52]one species from other similar species in the same genus.
[06:37.13]A combination of these two approaches helps to define a concept.
[06:41.07]For example, in the 1950’s,
[06:44.13]there appeared a new crisis gripping the minds of part of the American youth.
[06:48.07]These young people felt disturbance and anxiety
[06:51.24]about their personality development and adjustment.
[06:53.97]This crisis is called an identity crisis.
[06:57.14]The word “crisis’ is a genus,
[06:59.55]which consists of two or more species,
[07:02.29]such as spiritual crisis, economic crisis, political crisis, etc.
[07:08.19]The expression “identity crisis” is used to distinguish itself from other crisis.
[07:13.33]So far we have covered the three motivations for words:
[07:17.05]onomatopoeic motivation, semantic motivation, and logical motivation.
[07:22.74]However, it is not always easy to identify clearly the motivation
[07:26.35]for each word in our vocabulary.
[07:28.20]In such case, we may say the motivation is lost.
[07:31.70]There may be two factors which lead to loss of motivation.
[07:34.88]One is a change in the morphological structure of a word,
[07:38.37]and the other factor is change of meaning.
[07:40.78]In next lecture, we’ll discuss these two changes in detail.
[07:44.06]This is the end of today’s lecture. Thank you for your attention.
[09:50.47]Section B INTERVIEW
[09:52.10]In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.
[09:56.04]Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
[09:59.54]Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview.
[10:02.61]At the end of the interview,
[10:04.47]you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 5 questions.
[10:09.17]Now listen to the interview.
[10:11.25]Interviewer(W): Today I’d like to welcome Edward Fox,
[10:14.64]a seasoned real-estate agent,
[10:16.72]who is going to talk to us about buying a house. Hello, Edward.
[10:21.17]Edward Fox (M): Hello.
[10:21.63]W: Now Edward, for most people buying a house is a major life event,
[10:26.55]and probably the single most expensive item they are ever likely to buy.
[10:31.69]What precautions do they have to take before a real purchase?
[10:36.07]Can you give some suggestions?
[10:38.15]M: You are right in saying buying a house costs a lot.
[10:41.54]But as to me, the most important thing to consider
[10:44.82]before buying any property is the location.
[10:47.88]W: Location?
[10:49.09]M: Right. Because it is where you plan to spend a large part of your life.
[10:53.35]Or, indeed, the rest of your life in some circumstances.
[10:56.31]Therefore, consider the type of life you enjoy leading.
[10:59.37]If you are a very sociable person who enjoys nightclubs and discos,
[11:03.63]you may consider something close to a city.
[11:06.37]Anyway, a city is convenient for all types of nightlife.
[11:09.54]W: Then, for those who seek a quiet life,
[11:12.49]do you recommend a house in the countryside?
[11:14.90]M: Well, countryside is a tranquil place.
[11:17.74]However, do remember that proximity to the place of work also counts.
[11:22.01]Indeed, we spend most of our life at work,
[11:24.53]and you don’t want to have to spend two or more hours
[11:27.15]every day traveling to work, do you?
[11:29.34]Therefore, transport is of the utmost importance.
[11:32.18]City suburbs, however,
[11:34.03]are often conveniently located for commuting to work,
[11:36.89]or for shopping,
[11:37.98]without being in the heart of a busy city.
[11:40.16]W: But houses in the suburbs are far more expensive than those in cities.
[11:45.41]M: They seem to be,
[11:46.84]but actually houses located in cities can often exceed the price of suburban houses,
[11:51.76]so check out the prices.
[11:53.94]You may be surprised.
[11:55.04]W: Really? So we should consider our place of work
[11:58.65]and personality in choosing the location.
[12:01.18]Is that so?
[12:02.05]M: I’m afraid you have to take family into consideration as well.
[12:05.77]You may prefer a house that is away from a busy street or main road.
[12:09.71]And of course, remember that children have to attend school.
[12:13.10]If you have children,
[12:14.63]or you plan to have children,
[12:16.27]location is a very important factor.
[12:19.11]And of course, remember that a family influences the size of the property.
[12:23.16]W: Oh, I see. How many types of houses can we choose?
[12:27.32]M: There are various types of houses.
[12:29.83]The first is called detached houses,
[12:32.02]which stand alone, and are not joined by another building.
[12:35.63]Then there are semi-detached houses,
[12:37.93]which are the most common.
[12:39.57]This is because they are, in fact,
[12:41.75]two houses joined together,
[12:43.29]and therefore take up less space.
[12:45.15]And there are town houses, too,
[12:47.78]which are many houses joined together to form a long row.
[12:50.95]But don’t think that town houses are less expensive than semi-detached houses.
[12:55.98]They rarely are.
[12:57.62]This is because they are usually built in cities
[13:00.24]where the price of property is very expensive.
[13:02.65]W: Then what about old houses?
[13:05.83]They must be cheaper than new ones.
[13:08.01]M: Maybe they are. But if the house is too old,
[13:10.96]you may be faced with expensive repairs and renovation bills.
[13:14.58]So have a house thoroughly checked by a professional surveyor
[13:18.18]before you decide to buy.
[13:20.15]W: I agree. It’s economical to buy old houses
[13:23.43]only when they are in good condition.
[13:25.73]By the way, a lot of property has a garden attached to it.
[13:29.78]Do you think it’s a good choice?
[13:31.53]M: It’s true that a lot of property has a garden.
[13:34.37]If you enjoy gardening,
[13:36.01]that’s fine.
[13:36.88]But if you don’t enjoy gardening then you may prefer a small garden,
[13:41.48]as opposed to a big one.
[13:42.68]But even if you do enjoy gardening it is important to remember
[13:46.84]that gardens take up a lot of your time.
[13:49.03]So keeping a garden in good order may be very difficult if you work long hours.
[13:53.84]W: You are quite right. Any other suggestions?
[13:57.31]M: One final thing is the general feel of the place.
[14:01.14]Does it have a good atmosphere?
[14:02.89]And most important of all,
[14:05.08]would you feel comfortable living there?
[14:06.83]W: Edward, I never knew I had to consider so many things while buying a house.
[14:11.97]Thank you very much for talking with us.
[14:14.70]M: My pleasure.
[15:05.85]Section C NEWS BROADCAST
[15:08.36]In this section, you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.
[15:11.75]Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
[15:15.26]Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news.
[15:21.05]At the end of the news item,
[15:23.79]you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.
[15:28.05]Now listen to the news.
[15:30.45]This is Nicodemus, the first all-black pioneer town,
[15:36.03]established on the prairie 128 years ago.
[15:40.30]Every summer this tiny town holds a homecoming
[15:43.03]with a gathering and parade to celebrate its heritage.
[15:46.76]In 1877 freed slaves came to a barren spot in Kansas to make a place
[15:53.53]where they could determine their own lives.
[15:56.16]They had been encouraged to come to the barren prairie by unscrupulous land agents.
[16:01.19]Living in earth-covered huts the settlers used their determination and farming skills
[16:07.10]and a town began to take shape.
[16:09.61]Some of the original structures remain.
[16:12.35]First built were two churches, then a schoolhouse and later a small hotel and a town hall.
[16:19.12]Today, Nicodemus is like many struggling mid-western towns
[16:23.72]where the young people leave for the cities.
[16:26.02]It is now a National Historic Site and tourists and African-Americans
[16:31.05]from all over come to see where black pioneers built their own town from the ground up.
[16:58.30]Question 8 is based on the following news.
[17:01.47]At the end of the news item,
[17:04.97]you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
[17:09.02]Now listen to the news.
[17:11.97]Mechanized carnival attractions draw big crowds at the Maryland State Fair.
[17:17.99]But there is another side to this event.
[17:20.61]It is a scene that looks like it is right off the farm.
[17:23.56]The fair is a yearly event that helps Americas largely urban-dwelling population
[17:28.93]reconnect with its agrarian roots.
[17:31.44]Fairs were originated hundreds of years ago
[17:35.05]in various forms and certainly the fair as we know it is about a hundred years old.
[17:40.19]It was a place for the agricultural community to get together and show off
[17:44.79]what they had done over the past year.
[17:46.86]Farmland scenes like this have become ever less common across the United States.
[17:51.78]But it seems they will always be preserved at Americas state fairs.
[18:07.41]Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news.
[18:10.15]At the end of the news item,
[18:12.99]you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.
[18:17.26]Now listen to the news.
[18:19.77]The World Health Organization warns
[18:24.04]between 25 and 35 percent of the world population
[18:28.08]could be affected by a human influenza pandemic,
[18:32.24]but the WHO says most people would survive.
[18:35.52]Health experts are meeting at the World Health Organization
[18:39.78]in Geneva to map out a plan of action to combat the possible spread of avian flu.
[18:46.08]The World Health Organization Global Influenza Program
[18:50.78]Director Klaus Stohr says between two and seven million people
[18:55.48]would die from a mild pandemic and up to 28 million would be hospitalized.
[19:00.73]He adds everything has to be put into perspective.
[19:04.56]The WHO calculation is based on the prospect of a mild influenza outbreak,
[19:10.36]such as those which occurred in 1957 and 1968.
[19:15.17]Those pandemics killed three million people.
[19:18.78]It acknowledges that deaths could skyrocket
[19:21.73]in the event of a severe influenza pandemic,
[19:24.68]such as the one that swept the world in 1918,
[19:28.29]killing more than 40 million people.
英语专八听力考试训练材料 2
PART Two
UNIT 1
In this section, you will hear everything ONCEONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questionsthat follow.
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the following news. Atthe end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the two questions. Nowlisten to the news.
U.S. military officials say the crash late Fridayoccurred during combat operations in Kunar province. The CH-47 Chinook went down about240 kilometers east of the capital Kabul, not far from the Pakistan border. Militaryspokeswoman Lieutenant Tamara Lawrence says an investigation is under way to determinethe cause of the crash. "But it is important to note that the crash was not due to any hostileaction or enemy fire." She says the bodies of all ten soldiers have been recovered. More than2,000 US and Afghan soldiers have been targeting Taliban insurgents in Kunar province sincelast month. It is one of the largest offensives since the US-led coalition ousted the Taliban frompower in 2001.
Question 3 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
Before the Columbia disaster,NASA said 28 shuttle flights were needed to build theInternational Space Station. Now Dr. Griffin says it can be done in just 16 before the fleet hasto be retired in 2010. So how to achieve this feat:Well, Dr. Griffin has adopted abuild now, uselaterphilosophy. Previously the plan was for astronauts to do scientific research as theyconstructed the station. Now there will be no time for science,all 16 missions will be geared tosending up and bolting on the various bits of the International Space Station. Many of whichhad been built at great expense by the Japanese,Russian and European space agencies.
Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will begiven 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
There are 350,000 billion particles in this tube.So nano technology is the science of the verysmall. But how small is small? Well imagine I was shrunk to a 1,000 times smaller. Id be aboutas big as the eye of a fly, but nano is even smaller than that. In fact, much, much smaller.Imagine I was shrunk again, this time 10,000 times. Id be about as big as a virus, but nano iseven smaller than that. Youd have to shrink me another 100 times to get the nano version ofme,a billion times smaller than the real me. Industry is already building devices on that scale.Here in Cambridge theyre making very thin nano layers of a plastic that emits light whenelectrical current runs through it. The technology will soon be on the market,in mobile phoneswith very bright, energy-saving displays.
UNIT 2
In this section, you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.
Question 1 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
Police in Iraq say a British helicopter has crashed in the southern city of Basra,apparently afterbeing hit by a rocket or missile. Officials say the helicopter went down in a residential areatoday,and the bodies of the four crew members were found in the wreckage. Iraqi police sayfour people were killed in a clash between British troops and a crowd of Iraqis at the crash site.The Iraqis cheered the crash,threw stones at the troops and set fire to British armored vehicles.
Question 2 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
Leaders of the Palestinian militant group Hamas have met the Russian foreign minister inMoscow for talks described by Hamas as open and constructive. The meeting was the first ofits kind between Hamas and any of the group of countries mediating in the Middle East peaceprocess. The Russian Minister Sergey Lavrov warned Hamas that following its recent electionvictory, it must transform itself into a purely political institution. Mr. Lavrov also urged thegroup to abide by previous agreements made between the Palestinian authority and Israel.But its overall response was positive.
Question 3 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
The United Nations food agency has warned that millions of Kenyans and Somalis are at graverisk of starvation if aid does not reach the region soon. On a visit to Northern Kenya, the headof the World Food Program said the situation there was as desperate as anything he had everseen. There have been a few showers in Kenya in the past week,but hardly enough to even wetthe ground in many areas. The head of the World Food Program has been the boarder withSomalia,where hundreds of cattle and goats have died, and the human population isstruggling to survive. He said the world had not yet woken up to the crisis that is facing Kenyaand the whole of Africa.
Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will begiven 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
Diplomats from nearly 30 countries have condemned a major campaign against the media inKenya for which the Kenyan government has admitted responsibility.
The diplomats described the action as an unacceptable attack on the freedom of the press.Earlier the Kenyan government confirmed that it had ordered police to carry out an overnightarmed raid on the offices of a leading newspaper and its sister television station. They burnedthousands of copies of the newspaper,The Standard. Three journalists from the paper laterhave appeared in court charged with publishing a false statement intended to cause alarm.John Michuki, the Kenyan Minister of State Security,was the first to admit the government wasbehind the raid.
UNIT 3
In this section, you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.
Question 1 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
The right of women in the United States to have abortions is being challenged by the state ofSouth Dakota. Governor Michael Rounds has signed a law that will ban almost all abortions evenin cases of rape or incest, and provides for five-year jail sentences for doctors who performthem. The only exception would be if a pregnant womans life was at risk. Supporters of the billsay its intended as a direct assault on the US Supreme Courts landmark ruling of 1973which guarantees American abortion rights. Pro-abortion campaigners are expected tochallenge the ruling,but a leading anti-abortion campaigner welcomed it.
Question 2 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
Five percent of all school-age children in the United States have some form of attention deficithyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. A research team at Washington University in St.Louis isstudying ADHD to identify the genes that seem to increase the risk of developing thedisorder. Washington University child psychiatrists declare it is clear that ADHD runs infamilies. ADHD has always been shown in twin and family studies to be extremely heritable—onthe order of 70-80 percent—just as heritable as height,intelligence and many other behaviors.They also mention that understanding how genetics influence risk may make it possible todevelop better and more specific treatment for the disorder. The study appears in the Journalof the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
Question 3 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
Scientists have warned that Africa could be faced with 25 per cent less water by the end of thecentury because of global warming. The researchers, based at the University of Cape Town,saythe reduction in rainfall may not be anywhere near as great as that, but the actual wateravailable could be substantially reduced because of the way it gathers in rivers and streams.They say semiarid regions such as southern Africa and the Sahel are likely to be worstaffected.
Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will begiven 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
Dana Buchman is a celebrated American fashion designer. Her line of womens clothing can befound in major department stores around the country. Now, Ms. Buchman is in theheadlines,not because of her spring collection, but because of her new book, A SpecialEducation: One Familys Journey Through the Maze of Learning Disabilities, revealing herdifficult and transformative acceptance of her older daughter—Charlottes serious learningdisabilities.
In addition to difficulty in understanding written words,4-year-old Charlotte had troublecounting. She couldnt tell a story,moved awkwardly and had absolutely no sense ofdirection. Her mother feared those symptoms would affect not only her schoolwork,but herability to function in the real world as well.
UNIT 4
In this section, you will hear everything ONCEONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questionsthat follow.
Question 1 is based on the following news. At theend of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds toanswer the question.Now listen to the news.
A U.S. judge has approved a plan that could resolvethe U.S.Security and Exchange Commissions fraudcase against the company WorldCom. Under theterms of the recently revised deal,the telecom giantwill pay 750 million dollars, 500 million in cash and 250 million in stock to defrauded investors.
And that would be the largest civil penalty ever imposed by the SEC. Later this month a U.S.bankruptcy court is expected to decide whether to sign off on WorldComs settlement.
Questions 2 and 3 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will begiven 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
A United Nations report into global water resources has said that more than 1 billion peoplehave no access to clean drinking water. The report,released just before the Fourth World WaterForum in Mexico City later this month, says the problem is chiefly caused by poor governanceand bad water management.
More than a billion people lack good water,but this is not because the water isnt there. TheUNs second World Water Development Report concludes that the world still has enough freshwater, but its failing to meet the challenge of managing its supplies and distributing waterfairly and at affordable cost. Issues of governance it concludes are central. The managementof a countrys water sector is likely to reflect the overall state of its administration. It says asystem which is open and transparent and devolves responsibility and resources to localcommunities is far more likely to meet its water supply goals.
Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will begiven 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
The Biotechnology Industry Organization, or BIO,held its two thousand and six internationalconvention earlier this month in Chicago. It says attendance set a record with more thannineteen thousand people from sixty-two countries. BIO represents more than one thousandcompanies and other organizations.
Its members genetically engineer products in health care, agriculture and other areas. Theconvention included former President Bill Clinton and what the organizers called the worldslargest indoor cornfield. Jose Manuel Pomar is a farmer from the Aragon area of Spain whoattended the convention. Mister Pomar grows Bt maize.Bt maize contains a gene from abacterium that produces a poison. This poison helps the plants resist insects, especially themaize borer. Some things do not change with biotech crops. Mister Pomar says he uses thesame amount of fertilizer with Bt maize as he does with conventional corn.
The main difference, he says,is in the use of insecticide. Mister Pomar says he sprays hisconventional maize with insect poisons three to four times a season. With Bt maize, hesays,he might spray once if maize borers are present in large numbers.
UNIT 5
In this section, you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
The United States has released for the first time the names and nationalities of hundreds ofprisoners its holding at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba. The information was divulged after theauthorities lost a court case under the US Freedom of Information Act. The names arecontained in transcripts of more than 300 military tribunals held at the base. Its thoughtthat about 500 people are still detained at Guantanamo,Washington has classified them asenemy combatants. Most of them were captured in Afghanistan and Pakistan after American-ledforces overthrew the Taliban,
and many had been held for up to 4 years without trial. Human Rights groups say the releaseof this new information is a significant blow to US governments secrecy.
Question 3 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.
A dead cat found on the German island of Ruegen in the Baltic Sea has been confirmed ashaving the H5N1 strain of the bird flu virus. More than a hundred infected birds have beenfound dead on the island,but its the first apparently natural occurrence of the virus in amammal in Europe. The Chief Veterinary Officer of the UN said that the infection of cats was avery rare event. There had been previously documented cases of H5N1 infection killingtigers fed on chicken carcasses at a zoo in Thailand.
Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will begiven 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.
For years, companies have used stock options as a form of pay. At first, only top officers incompanies got them. The value of a stock option rises or falls with the price of a companystock. So this gave the people at the top a strong reason to do their jobs well. During thenineteen nineties,technology companies started to offer stock options to skilled workers. Manyof these businesses were newly formed Internet companies. Soon stock options became acommon form of pay in American businesses. Since options are linked to stock market prices,estimating their value can be difficult. Most companies did not report them as an expense, acost of doing business.As a result, shareholders were not getting a true picture of a companysfinancial condition. New rules from the Financial Accounting Standards Board are meant tochange that. The board is a private organization that establishes how financial reports shouldbe prepared. Its work is officially recognized by the United States Securities and ExchangeCommission.
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