初中英语单词的常见错误用法

 　　单词是初中生学习英语的一个重点，但是有很多常见的单词都会被错误的使用。快来看看小编为你准备了初中英语一些单词的常见错误用法及纠正方法，欢迎大家阅读!

　　初中英语单词的常见错误用法：D开头

　　dead deadly

 　　dead在某些词组里是"完全"、"的确"的意思，如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly则是"致命的"，如：The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如：Cancer is a deadly disease.

　　dead died

 　　dead是形容词，如：Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词，如：She died in 1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是pass away, 如：My father passed away, this morning.

　　deer

　　[误] In the zoo, there are many deers.

　　[正] In the zoo, there are many deer.

 　　[析] deer是单、复数同形的词，如：one deer，two deer，这样的名词还有fish，sheep等。但如果讲There are many fishes here. 这句话应译为"这里有许多种鱼类。"而不应译为"这里有很多鱼。"

　　dance

　　[误] We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.

　　[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.

　　[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.

　　[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美语中常用ball作为舞会。)

　　desk

　　[误] The boy sat in his desk.

　　[正] The boy sat at his desk.

 　　[析] 在课桌旁坐着应用介词at, 而at desk 则应译为"在学习"，at table应译为"在吃饭"。

　　die

 　　[误] In South Africa many people died from cancer.

 　　[正] In South Africa many people died of cancer.

　　[误] The old man died of overwork.

　　[正] The old man died from overwork.

　　[析] 死于疾病应用die of，而死于某种外因事故则多用from.

　　[误] His mother is died.

　　[正] His mother is dead.

 　　[误] The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.

　　[正] The old woman died at the age of seventy.

　　[析] dead是形容词，而die是动词。形容词表示状态，动词则表示动作。

　　[误] He died in a traffic accident.

　　[正] He was killed in a traffic accident.

　　[析] 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.

 　　[误] When the doctor came，the old man had already died.

 　　[正] When the doctor came，the old man was already dead.

　　[正] The old man died before the doctor came.

　　date

　　[误] He studied ten hours a date.

　　[正] He studied ten hours a day.

　　[析] date是指具体日期。如问What's the date today 应回答具体日期："October 1st 1998."而day是指1日(24小时)。如What day is today 问的是星期几，应回答"It's Sunday."

　　[误] Today's date is January first. 1998.

　　[正] Today's date is January 1， 1998.

　　[正] Today's date is January 1st， 1998.

 　　[析] 在日期书写中不要用序数词全写，而要用1st， 2nd， 3rd……如果一定要用序数词，其顺序应为：It is the first of January.

　　初中英语单词的常见错误用法：N开头

　　near

　　[误] We came near to hit him.

　　[正] We came near to hitting him.

 　　[析] 这句话应译为"我们几乎要打他一顿。"near to这一用法中to为介词，其后要接宾语，所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.

　　by near

 　　We lived near the city. 与We lived by the city. 两句话都是对的，但其表达的意义有所不同，by在表达距离时比near更近，所以by the city是紧靠近某城市。

　　need

　　[误] This room needs to clean.

　　[正] This room needs to be cleaned.

　　[正] This room needs cleaning.

　　[析] 在表达某事需要做什么时，need后面如用不定式要用其被动态，如接动名词则要用主动态。

　　[误] We need not to do it.

　　[正] We needn't do it.

 　　[析] need用在否定句、疑问句中一般用作情态动词，所以无人称变化也不加to，而在肯定句中则多用作实意动词，如： We need your help.

　　neither

　　[误] None of my parents is a teacher.

　　[正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.

　　[析] 对两者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情况。

　　[误] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.

　　[正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.

　　[析] 这时应用倒装句。

　　[误] Neither you nor I are right.

　　[正] Neither you nor I am right.

 　　[析] neither…nor… 这一句型在应用时其谓语动词应以邻近的主语一致。

　　[误] Neither he studies nor plays.

　　[正] Neither does he study nor play.

 　　[析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定词位于句首时，谓语动词采用倒装形式。

　　never

　　[误] Never I have broken my word.

　　[正] Never have I broken my word.

 　　[析] never用于句首时起强调作用，要用倒装语序。但用于句中一般放于情态动词、助动词、或be动词后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成语中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做强。)never mind没关系，如： "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."

　　newspaper

　　[误] I read the news on today's newspaper.

　　[正] I read the news in today's newspaper.

 　　[析] 在报纸上读到某一条新闻一定要用介词in，而on the newspaper是指把某物放于报纸之上，如： May I put the flower on this newspaper?

　　night

　　[误] I came home very late yesterday night.

　　[正] I came home very late last night.

 　　[析] "昨晚"一般要讲last night，而不应参照"昨天上午、下午、傍晚"的说法yesterday morning等套用。

　　news

　　[误] There are many news about the accident.

　　[正] There is much news about the accident.

 　　[析] news是不可数名词，它没有复数形式，如果讲一条新闻要用a piece of news.

　　初中英语单词的`常见错误用法：H开头

　　had better

　　[误] You have better hurry.

　　[正] You had better hurry.

　　[析] had better只用过去时had，不要误用成现在时have。

　　[误] You hadn't better worry.

　　[正] You had better not worry.

 　　[析] had better后面加不带to的不定式，其否定式是"had better not+动词原形"。

　　half

　　[误] I had driven about half mile.

　　[正] I had driven about half a mile.

 　　[析] "半小时"有两种讲法half an hour, a half hour. 而"一个半小时"应讲an hour and a half或one and a half hours."半天"应讲half a day，"半镑"应讲half a pound.但要尽量避免使用half a year，而应用six months;不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.

　　[误] Half us could go to the park.

　　[正] Half of us could go to the park.

 　　[析] "half of+名词"这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致，如为不可数名词或可数名词单数，要用单数谓语动词;而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词。

　　hand

　　[误] He shook hand with his teacher.

　　[正] He shook hands with his teacher.

 　　[析] 与某人握手要用shake hands. 与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式，如：change hands (转手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands (与人合作)。

　　happen

　　[误] What was happened to you last month

　　[正] What happened to you last month

 　　[误] An accident was happened in this street last night.

 　　[正] An accident happened in this street last night.

 　　[析] 在英语中不及物动词没有被动态，作为"发生"讲的happen，take place和break out都不具有被动态。happen to常用来表达一件偶然发生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.

　　hard

　　[误] I have to study hardly.

　　[正] I have to study hard.

 　　[析] hard是形容词，如：a hard work，但它同时也是副词。hardly是hard的又一副词形式，但词意截然不同，意为"几乎不"。

　　[误] I had my leg broken last term， so I couldn't hardly study at all.

 　　[正] I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.

 　　[析] hardly意为"否定"，所以不要再加否定词语了，如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.

　　have

 　　[误] I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.

 　　[正] I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.

 　　[析] 用have somebody do something还是doing something要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。

　　[误] I have my bike to repair.

　　[正] I have my bike repaired.

 　　[析] have something done这一句型是让某事被别人去作，请看下面两句意义的不同：I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行车。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把车推出去让别人修理了。)

　　[误] Could you give me some money if you have.

 　　[正] Could you give me some money if you have any.

 　　[析] "如果你有的话"一句译为英文应加上any一词，如：I want some books if there is any.

　　headache

　　[误] I've got headache.

　　[正] I've got a headache.

　　[析] Headache是一个规则的可数名词，所以可以讲：My mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomacheache等却都可以用作不可数名词，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可数名词。

　　hear

　　[误] He was heard sing in the next room.

　　[正] He was heard to sing in the next room.

 　　[析] hear somebody do something这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hear somebody doing something这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如，主动态：I heard her singing in the next room. 变为被动态时为：She was heard singing in the next room. 这种用法还适用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。

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