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初三英语合成名词知识点
在我们平凡无奇的学生时代，大家对知识点应该都不陌生吧？知识点也可以通俗的理解为重要的内容。掌握知识点有助于大家更好的学习。下面是小编收集整理的初三英语合成名词知识点，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
初三英语合成名词知识点 1
在英语合成词中，合成名词(compound nouns)数量很多，而且可以按照既定规律自行构造新词。
合成名词构造法主要有下列八种：
①名词+名词，如
daybreak, sunrise, cattleshed, house-keeper, shoe-maker, headache, night-club, pocket-knife, arm-chair, wine-glass, ink-stand, man-servant, maid-servant, steamboat, goldsmith, newspaper, lawsuit等。
②形容词+名词，如
blackboard, commonweath, highway, stronghold, sweetheart, easy-chair, grandson, blueprint, deadline, high-brow, lazy-bones等。
③动词+名词，如
drawbridge, grindstone, playground, pickpocket, breakfast, cut-throat, makeshift, sing-song, turn-coat, washbasin 等。
④副词虚词+名词，如
afterthought, offshoot, outbreak, byway, bylaw, outpost, overcoat, underclothes, outgrowth, downpour, upkeep, bystander等。
⑤副词虚词+动词，如
income, outlet, outlook, onset, outfit, upstart, inlet, offspring, outburst, offset等。
⑥动词+副词，如
die-hard, breakdown, drawback, set-up, break-up, farewell, standstill, feedback等。
⑦名词+动名词，如
book-keeping, town-planning, letter-writing, word-building, tiger-hunting, paper-manufacturing, bill-collecting, car-repairing, television-advertising, window-shopping, day-dreaming, photocopying, handwriting等。
⑧其他，如
man-of-war, forget-me-not, son-in-law, mother-in-law, commander-in-chief, editor-in-chief, merry-go-round, hide-and-seek, stay-at-home, jack-in-the-box等。
在这8种构词法中，第7类“名词+动名词”最富生命力。此外，动名词还可以下列三形式构成合成名词：
㈠动名词+名词，如
drinking water, listening material, fishingrod, waiting-room, looking-glass, stepping-stone, running mate 等。
㈡动名词+副词虚词，如
swearing-in, going-over
㈢副词+动名词，如
uprising, well-being 等。
初三英语合成名词知识点 2
1、动词的种类(四类)
系动词如be(is am are);情态动词如can 、may、need;助动词( do does);行为动词如take、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等
2、动词的第三人称单数(与名词的复数一样)
如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)
3、动词的时态(一般现在时)
(1)含有系动词的
I’m a Chinese boy .
She is twelve .
He is Tim’s brother .
Her mother is an English teacher .
含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”，上面句子变成一般疑问句时分别为
Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人称通常变为第二人称)
Is she twelve ?
Is he Tim’s brother ?
Is her mother an English teacher ?
含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”，前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为
I’m not a Chinese boy.
She isn’t twelve .
He is not Tim’s btother .
Her mother isn’t an English teacher .
(2)含有情态动词的`句子( can ),She can play basketball.
His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.
含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”，上面两句变一般疑问句分别为
Can she play basketball ?
Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?
含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为
She can not play basketball .
His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs .
(3)含有行为动词的句子
We have many friends.
They watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students take their books to school .
I have lunch at school .
You have a sister .
1、含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为
Do you have many friends ?
Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?
Do the students take their books to school ?
Do you have lunch at school ?
Do you have a sister ?
2、含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加don’t .上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为
We don’t have many friends.
They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students don’t take their books to school .
I don’t have lunch at school .
You don’t have a sister .
3含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s (或es)如：
She has a red pen .
He has eggs for breakfast .
Her mother buys a skirt for her .
She likes thrillers .
My brother watches TV every evening .
He wants to go to a movie .
含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does,同时行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为：
Does she have a red pen ?
Does he have eggs for breakfast ?
Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
Does she like thrillers ?
Does your brother watch TV every evening ?
Does he want to go to a movie ?
含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变否定句时“在行为动词前面加does’nt ,同时原行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变否定句分别为：
She doesn’t have a red pen .
He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast .
Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her .
She doesn’t like thrillers .
My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening .
He doesn’t want to go to a movie .
初三英语合成名词知识点 3
There be的句子结构
There be是一个肯定句的形式为：There be +名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.
(1)there be的.否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为：There be + not + (any) +名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room.
There arent any books on the desk.
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答：Yes, there is /
are.否定回答：No, there isnt / arent.
Is there a dog in the picture?
Yes, there is.
Are there any boats in the river?
No, there arent.
(3)特殊疑问句：How many ...are there (+地点状语)?
回答用There be ...
Theres one./ There are two / three / some ...
有时直接就用数字来回答。One./ Two ...
How many students are there in the classroom?
Theres only one./ There are nine.
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用：How much +不可数名词+ is there +地点状语? Eg:How much water is
there in the cup?
How much food is there in the bowl?
初三英语合成名词知识点 4
句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句
a) This is a book.(be动词)
b) He looks very young.(连系动词)他看起来很年轻
c) I want a sweat [swet出汗] like this(像这样)(实义动词)我想像这样出汗d) I can bring some
things to school.(情态动词)我可以带一些东西到学校e) Theres a computer on my desk.(There
be结构)有一个电脑在我的桌子上否定陈述句
a) These arent their books.这些不是他们的书
b) They dont look nice.他们看起来不太好
c) Kate doesnt go to No.4 Middle School.凯特不去第4中学d) Kate cant find her
doll.凯特找不到她的`洋娃娃
e) There isnt a cat here.(=Theres no cat here.)这里没有一只猫
2.祈使句
肯定祈使句
a) Please go and ask the man.请去问那个人
b) Lets learn English!让我们学习英语!
c) Come in, please.请进。
否定祈使句
a) Dont be late.不要迟到。
b) Dont hurry.不要着急。
3.疑问句
1)一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答a) Is Jim a student? Yes, he is.No,he isnt b) Can I
help you? Yes, you can.No,you cant c) Does she like salad?她喜欢做沙拉?Yes, she
does.No,she doesnt d) Do they watch TV?他们看电视吗? Yes, they do.
2) Is she reading?她正在读吗? Yes, she is.No,they dont No,she,isnt
初三英语合成名词知识点 5
1、名词的复数
(1)、一般的直接加s，如desk(desks) 、pen(pens) 、ruler(rulers)
(2)、以x 、s、ch、sh结尾的加es如box(boxes)、class(classes)、watch(watches)等
(3)、以辅音字母加y结尾的要变y为i加es，如family ,comedy,documentary等
(4)、以0结尾的名词，有生命的.加es如：tomato(tomatoes) 、potato (potatoes );没有生命的加s,如
photo(photos)、piano(pianos)、zero(zeros)
2、名词所有格在名词的后边加’s ,表示后面的名词属于前面的名词所有，如LiLei’s bag Tom’s desk 、her mother’s brother
3、专用名词的大写
如English、Brown 、Rush 、Sunday 、January 、December、 Beijing Opera
初三英语合成名词知识点 6
一.ike一词的用法
like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。
(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如： I like the baby very much.我非常喜欢这个小孩。
(2)后接动名词(v.-ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：
Tom likes playing football.汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的'.行为。如：
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。
二.句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you，she,he,it→ they。 如：She is a girl.→They are girls.
(2)am，is要变为are。如：I’m a student.→We are students.
(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy.→They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple.→They are apples.
(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This is a box.→These are boxes.
初三英语合成名词知识点 7
一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写
要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形，分别是：am, is, are。记忆口诀：
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称：第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you, you)，第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词：mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself,themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的`自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen,twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five,twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty,sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句：能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句：不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
初三英语合成名词知识点 8
短语归纳
1.what time几点
2.go to school去上学
3.get up起床
4.take a shower洗淋浴
5.brush teeth刷牙
6.get to到达
7.do homework做家庭作业
8.go to work去上班
9.go home回家
10.eat breakfast吃早饭
11.get dressed穿上衣服
12.get home到家
13.either…or…要么…要么…
14.go to bed上床睡觉
15.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening在上午/下午/晚上
16.take a walk散步
17.lots of=a lot of许多，大量
18.radio station广播电台
19.at night在晚上
20.be late for=arrive late for迟到
用法集萃
1.at +具体时间点在几点(几分)
2.eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
3.thirtyhalf past +基数词……点半
4.fifteena quarter to +基数词差一刻到……点
5.take a/an +名词从事……活动
6.from …to …从……到……
7.need to do sth需要做某事
初三英语合成名词知识点 9
1、名词
A)名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes,faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos,但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves,shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的`)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes,socks
八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
初三英语合成名词知识点 10
能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
She found the door broken in when she came back.她回来时发现有人破门而人。
My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。
少数不及物动词的过去分词用作宾补时,强调动作完成后的状态.
They found all the guests gone when they woke up.当他们醒来时,发现所有的客人都走了。
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法
动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中,动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
1. I must get my bike repaired.我必须请人修理自行车。(宾语补足语)
2. The girl was found beaten black and blue.人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。(主语补足语)
(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
We thought the game lost.我们认为球赛输了。
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我从未听过有人说他的'坏话。
They considered the matter settled.他们认为这问题解决了。
(2)动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。
I have my hair cut once a month.我每个月理一次发。
He was trying to make himself understood.他正努力使别人听懂自己。
“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：
①(请人)把某事做完。She had her house repaired.她请人把屋子修好了。
Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发?
②遭遇某种意外情况。He had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
She had her wallet stolen yesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③完成某事(自己也可能参与)。I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已存了1000元。
(3)动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。
He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
The students wish the TV serial plays continued.学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
(4)过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被带进来了,双手被反绑在后面。
初三英语合成名词知识点 11
1、speak的用法speak与say不同：speak表示“说”的动作，不表示“说”的内容；say则表示“说”的内容。speak后面除了能接“语言”外，不能直接接东西，后面加了to则表示“对。说”。
help sb.with sth.(帮助某人做/补习、want to do sth.(想要做某事、would like to do all(一点都不、;Not at all.(没关系/别介意、like...a lot=like...very much
2、some和any的区别：口诀：some用于肯定句，否定、疑问变any。例如：I have some money.I dont have any money.Do you have any money?
3、have a seat=take a seat(请随便坐、
4、祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子、祈使句一般都省略了主语You，所以其否定句直接用Dont开头。例如：Dont go there!
5、问职业：What does sb.do?What is sb.?Whats sb.s job?
6、work与job的区别：work是未必有报酬的.“工作”，例如homework,housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”。
7、on指在物体的。表面，不论这个面是否水平的，例如：on the desk/wall/farm/play ground 8、in hospital(住院、;in the hospital(在医院里、look after(照料/照顾/照看、help oneself(请自便/随便吃、
9、表示“建议”的句型：“做某事如何？”Whatabout(doing)sth.?
英式英语、Howabout(doing)sth.?
美式英语、Whydontyoudosth.?=Whynotdosth.?
10、“吃”一日三餐要用have：have breakfast/lunch/supper have...forbreakfast/lunch/supper take ones order be kind to sb.
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