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有关四级词汇与语法练习
四级词汇与语法练习(452)
1.Your radio is too loud,turn the _____ down.
A.volume B.voice C.sound D.tone
2. You ____ that letter to James. However, you didn’t.
A. ought to write B. ought to have written
C. should write D. should be writing
3. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis
on pressure ?______?.?
A. than more on efficiency ?
B. and more on efficiency ?
C. and more efficiency ?
D. than efficiency?
4. Bread and butter ____ liked by Westerners.
A. is B. are C. were D. be
5. Because there was little heat in the bed room, Evan was cold ____.
A. much through the night
B. most of the night
C. many parts of the night
D. the majority part of the night
答案与解析：
1.A。
volume意思是“音量，响度”，voice意思是“嗓音”，sound意思是“声，声音，音响”，tone指“音调，音质；语气，腔调；（乐器的）音质，音色”。
2. B你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
3.B
有些公司采用弹性工作时间制，更注重效率，而不是压力
pressure和efficiency处于并列的位置，所以正确答案是B)。and more on efficiency,即more(emphasis) on efficiency
4. A黄油面包受西方人青睐。bread and butter 是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。
5. B由于卧室几乎没一点热气，埃文斯大半夜都感到很冷。此题考查不定代词的用法。much指代不可数名词。many指代可数名词。most可指大部分，大多数。此处B项最为地道，为正确选项。
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四级翻译（9.18）
1.Nowadays every citizen _____________(视为理所当然)that their children should have the equal
chance of being educated.
2.People without a strong will ___________(梦想不能实现时会感到失落).
3.It is high time that ___________(指控总统不履行承诺).
4.Here we use the same powder for making cookies ________(正如农村做粽子用的一样).
5.________(她是否知道计划的细节)did not have any effect on us.
答案解析:
1.takes it for granted
take it for granted是固定搭配，“理所当然地认为”。整句的真正宾语是their children…educated，宾语较长时可以考虑用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语置于句末。
句中的主语为every citizen，句首的nowadays指的是现在的时间，故take用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
2.can feel frustrated/lost when dreams never come true//can feel frustrated/lost because their dreass never come true
can可以用来表示对未知情况的一种推测。“梦想不能实现时”用由when引导的时间状语从句来表达。“梦想不能实现”也可以理解为“感到失落”的原因，故也可以翻译为原因状语从句。“梦想实现”用dreams come true；“感到失落”的表达为feel lost/frustrated。
3.the president was accused of never fulfilling his promise//the president (should) be accused of never fulfilling his promise
在it is(high/about time)that句型当中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气表示，谓语动词的时态用一般过去时或用（should）+动词原形。表示“（早）该做…的时候了”。“指控”的英文有accuse sb.of和charge sb.with两种表达。两者虽然意思相近，但有所区别。此处特别需要提示的是charged with中的with后常接某种具体的罪名，故在本题中选择accuse…of…结构。
考查固定搭配:“履行承诺”译为fulfill one's promise。从句当中“总统”是“指控”的动作承受者，需用被动结构。
4.as is used for making Zongzi in rural areas
此处是as引导的定语从句，same…as…是固定搭配，表示“同…一样…”。“用于”的表达为be used for。“在农村”的表达是in rural areas或in the countryside。
5.Whether she knew the details of the plan
whether和if都表示“是否”，whether引导的主语从句可以放于句首也可放于句末；而if引导的主语从句一般不能放在句首。“细节”的表达是detail,由于一个计划有不止一个细节，故detail用复数形式。
英语
四级阅读理解练习(379)
In 58 million homes, the VCR has become nearly as much as the family car. But despite the VCR's advantages, video buffs complain about its limits. To duplicate prerecorded movies, for instance, requires two VCRs awkwardly cabled together. No wonder, then, that fans at Chicago's Consumer Electronics Show last week were excited by a new machine that eliminates the drawback. Moreover, its appearance was a triumph over well?wired opposition in Tokyo and Hollywood.?
The center of the excitement was the first dual?deck videotape recorder available to US consumers, the VCR?2, made by the tiny Arizona?based Go?Video company.?The VCR?2 enables its users to make high?quality duplicates of prerecorded tapes easily. It also lets viewers watch a tape while simultaneously recording off the air. Go?Video hopes to have a limited supply of the VCR?2 in stores by Christmastime, priced at just under $1,000.?
But the machine's move from freeze?frame to faster?forward has not been easy.
For starters, Go?Video could find no Japanese companies, which control manufacture of crucial VCR parts, willing to provide needed components. For another thin, US movie studios opposed the machine. So the company sued 15 Japanese and Korean makers, plus the Hollywood studios, claiming restrain of trade. Several manufactures have now settled with Go?Video, and Korea's Smsung, is tooling up to produce the VCR?2. ?Meanwhile, Hollywood has modified its opposition because Go?Video agreed to install circuitry that will prevent the VCR?2 from copying movies protected by anti?theft coding. Still movie makers may see double for a while. Many of the films on store shelves, including hot new rentals like Coming to America and Crocodile Dundee Ⅱ, do not contain the coding.?
1.VCR has many advantages, but it also has its limits which lie in ____.?
A) it's not easy to duplicate prerecorded movies?
B) it can not duplicate prerecorded movies?
C) it can not be operated easily?
D) it takes too long to duplicate prerecorded movies?
2.According to the passage, the suitable word which can replace "drawback"is ____.?
A) breakthrough B) advantage?
C) barrier D) function?
3.What's the advantages of VCR?2??
A) It can make high?quality duplicates of prerecorded tapes easily.?
B) It can let viewers watch a tape while simultaneously recording off the air.
C) It can duplicate prerecorded movies clearly.?
D) Both A and B.?
4.Why did Go?Video company sue Japanese makers??
A) Because Japanese makers are tooling up to produce the VCR?2.?
B) Because no Japanese companies are willing to sell needed components.?
C) Because Japanese makers like to cooperate with Korean counterparts.?
D) Because Japanese makers compete with them.?
5.Hollywood began to cooperate with Go Video Company, because ____.?
A) US consumers will have to pay rentals for duplicating movies?
B) VCR?2 will be installed circuitry to prevent it from copying movies protected by anti?theft coding?
C) with the help of VCR?2, the movies are more popular?
D) Go?video company can copy movies without the permission of Hollywood studios.?
答案与解析：
1.A
录像机有很多优点，但它也有不足，表现在____?。细节题。找到相应段落即可找到答案。文中提到"But despite the VCR's advantages, video butts complain ab
out its limits.To duplicate prerecorded movies, for instance, requires two VCRs
awkwardly cabled together."由此可知，答案A是对的
2.C
根据文章内容，最适合替代"drawback"的词是____。词义题。根据上下文猜测文中某词的意思。文中提到"limits"，还提到"awkwardly cabled together"及"elimin
ates the drawback."由此可知，选项C是对的
3.D
新产品VCR?2的优点是什么?细节题。找到相应段落即可找到答案。文中第一段提到"The VCR?2 enables its users to make high-quality duplicates of prerecorded tapes easily. It also lets viewers watch a tape while simultaneously recording off the air."由此可知，选项D是最佳答案。
4.B
为什么Go-Video公司起诉日本生产商?细节题，找到相应文字即可知道答案。文中提到"Go-video could find no Japanese companies, which control manufacture of crucial VCR parts, willing to provide needed components."因此选项B是对的
5.B
好莱坞开始同Go-video 公司合作，因为____。因果关系题，也是细节题。起初好莱坞也是Go-video公司起诉对象，后来"Go-video agreed to install circuitry that will prevent the VCR?2 from copying movies protected by anti-theft coding."因此选项B是对的。
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四级翻译（9.17）
1.____________________(无论别人怎么说)，he held on to his beliefs.
2.You had better not disturb Mary as she ___________________(正专心于解一道难题).
3.The last survey shows that Chinese people tend to _________(消耗两倍多的盐)they actually need.
4.At the end of the opening ceremony,________________(大家期待你作简要的介绍).
5.The Committee made adequate preparations for the conference ____________(以便大会能顺利召开).
答案解析:
1.No matter what was said//Whatever was said
让步状语从句:no matter what/when/where/who/which/how结构可以引导让步状语结构，意思是“无论什么，无论何时，无论何处，无论谁，无论哪一个，无论如何”，分别等同于whatever/whenever/wherever/whoever/whichever/howver,句中“无论别人怎么说”，意即“无论别人说什么”，用no matter what或whatever引导。
从句中what/whatever作主语，与“说”直接属于被动关系，所以用被动语态。
2.is absored/involved in working on a puzzle
“专心于”的表达是be absorbed in或be involved in,后面需接名词性成分。work on的使用。Work on意为“从事，忙于”，根据语法需要变为working on。
3.consume twice more salt than
考查比较级:英语当中涉及到倍数的表达时，一般用“数词+名词+than”的结构表示。涉及到倍数的表达时，用once(一倍)，twice(两倍)，three times(三倍)，以此类推。本题中所提示的“两倍多”，故不能少more。“消耗”的英文表达为consume。
4.you are expected to give/make a brief introduction
考查惯用句型:中文句子主语，谓语，宾语分别是:我们，期望，你。但在译文中，可以发现句子是以you开头，也就是说“你被期待作简要发言”。在很多情况下，当汉语句子以“我们”，“人们”，“大家”等泛指性代词作主语时，在翻译成英文常常可以忽略不译，通常处理成被动结构的you are expected/asked/hoped/desired/suggested to do,较接近英语的表达习惯。
考查固定表达:“作…介绍”的表达为give/make an introduction。
5.so that it would go on smoothly/successfully
结果状语从句:待译部分为主句的结果，用so that引导结果状语从句。待译部分所说动作还没有发生，主句用一般过去式，从句应用过去将来时结构“would+动词原形”。“召开”即“进行”，可用go on表达；“顺利地”意为“成功地，平稳地”，用smoothly或successfully均可。
英语
四级翻译（9.16）
1.The heavy rain outside __________(使我不能专心完成任务).
2.In order to control the spreading of AIDS,we must __________(不惜一切代价加以预防).
3.___________(只要你继续努力工作),you will surely realize your dream sooner or later.
4.Please contact our customer services department if you _____________(对我们的产品有任何疑问).
5._______________(必须提醒人们注意防范)as the thunderstorm is coming.
答案解析:
1.distracts myself from fulfilling my assignment
“使不能专心”意即“使分心”，用distract sb.from sth./doing结构。“完成任务”可用finish assignment,也可用fulfill assignment表示，后者为四级常考词组。因为跟在介词from后面，所以把动词变为动名词fulfilling或finishing。“任务”还可以表达为task。
2.prevent this at all costs
“预防”的表达:prevent或guard against,用在must之后，不必变换形式。“不惜一切代价”的表达是at all costs或at all expenses。
3.As long as you keep on working hard
条件状语从句:as long as引导的`条件状语从句通常用一般时。keep on意为“继续”，强调“坚持下去”的意思；“努力工作”可用work hard来表达，根据语法需要变为working hard。
4.have any doubts/questions about our products
if引导的条件状语从句:从句描述一般情况，用一般现在时。“对…有疑问”的表达:have doubts/questions about。
5. People have to be reminded of the prevention
表示“必须”的情态动词，一般用have to,表示主观不愿意被提醒；也可用must,表示愿意被提醒。people作为全句的主语，与“提醒”之间属被动关系，故用被动语态。“提醒”的固定表达为remind sb.of sth.。
“防范”即“预防”，用prevent的名词形式prevention。
英语
四级翻译练习(457)
1.In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to _______________ （像我一样享受乘坐公车的乐趣）.
2.According to the scientific research , _____________ (听音乐能使我们放松).Is this really true?
3.According to a recent survey, four million people ______________ （死于与吸烟有关的疾病）each year.
4.Mark often______________(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
5.When I __________________(发现他骗我)I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.
答案与解析：
1. enjoy the bus ride like me
"享受......的乐趣"直接用enjoy翻译即可。"乘坐公交车"在这里相当于一个名词短语，因此应翻译成bus ride而不是take the bus。如果将句子翻译成enjoy taking the bus，意思就与enjoy the bus ride稍有区别。前者强调动态，表示某个动作的进行，后者强调静态，表示某一经常性习惯性做法。
2. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed
"听音乐"在句中作主语，应该使用动名词短语作句子的主语。“能使我们放松”很多同学会采用 can make us feel relaxed的结构。其实，enable就有“能够使某人……”的含义，注意enable sb. to do sth.的表达。
3. die of diseases linked to smoking
本句意为"由最近调查显示，每年有400万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病"。"死于......"既可以用短语die of也可以用die from，但考生应注意两者用法上的区别。"与......相关"可以选用related to，associated with，linked to。
4. attempts to escape being fined
escape后面要接动名词形式。常与介词from搭配，如He has escaped from the fire.
5. caught /found him cheating me
find/catch+宾语+宾补，如I found him standing by the river.
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