2017年GMAT考试阅读题三大难点及练习

　　导语：GMAT考试每年的阅读题都是考生们很关心的一个重点，今天应届毕业生小编为大家整理了做阅读题的技巧，需要的朋友们可以看看

　　阅读题三大难点：

　　一、时间问题

　　很多同学在面对GMAT阅读考试时，都会感叹时间不够，常会有考生来不及看完整篇阅读文章。其中做题速度无法达到要求的原因有很多，词汇量，阅读方法，做题技巧无一不是。此外，还有一个很重要的因素：不会取舍，不会衡量做题的优先性。鉴于GMAT考试开弓没有回头箭的考试模式，如果在做阅读题时碰到了难度很高，预计会花费大量时间定位解析也难以保证正确率的题目，建议大家直接猜测答案后进入下一题，不要在这些题目上花费太多时间。学会取舍才能保证后续题目的解题时间，从而弥补损失，取得更好的成绩。

　　二、理解问题

　　很多考生在平时的练习和考场上面对需要找关键词和中心句的题目时总是跟着感觉走， 完全失了方向和重点，直接导致面对题目时难以回到原文中定位。

　　所以，考生应学会在阅读过程中直接发现题目的线索，也就是关键词中心句。

　　建议大家在平时的课堂和练习中，多加总结考点词的特点，以达到用一到两个词就涵盖整个题目的效果。利用关键词定位答案，更集中目标，更有方向性。

　　三、生词问题

　　GMAT阅读考试文章很多来源于国外原版的期刊或杂志，话题覆盖面广，科技，自然，环保，社会，文化，工作，生物，地理等无不涉及，所以遇到生词在情理之中。

　　但一部分考生遇到生词后就信心全失，慌乱至极，打破了自己原有的阅读节奏和速度，做题时也因为生词被卡壳，结果题目不仅没有解出，还影响了后面的做题速度和时间，可谓“一发动而迁全身”。

　　对此，专家认为，生词的出现在所难免，只要大家有基本的词汇量，完全可以将生词的问题逐一击破。

　　1. 有时候生词属于比较专业的词汇，它们的出现不是为了考察考生的词汇量，更多的是检阅大家的应变和判断能力。尤其在题目中出现的所谓生词，更是可以坏事变好事，成为考生定位答案的线索词。

　　2. 有时候生词的含义可以在上下文中直接得到。在GMAT阅读文章时遇到的生词，有相当一部分的含义可以通过多种猜测单词的方法得到，所以，在生词的周围或上下文寻找其解释不失为有效途径。

　　阅读练习：

　　Since Would War II considerable advances have been made in the area of health-care services. These include better access to health care (particularly for the poor and minorities), improvements in physical plants, and increased numbers of physicians and other health personnel. All have played a part in the recent improvement in life expectancy (life expectancy: n.平均寿命(=expectation of life)). But there is mounting criticism of the large remaining gaps in access, unbridled cost inflation, the further fragmentation of service, excessive indulgence in wasteful high-technology “gadgeteering,” and a breakdown in doctor-patient relationships. In recent years (in recent years: 最近几年中) proposed panaceas and new programs, small and large, have proliferated at a feverish pace and disappointments multiply at almost the same rate. This has led to an increased pessimism—“everything has been tried and nothing works”—which sometimes borders on cynicism or even nihilism.

　　It is true that the automatic “pass through” of rapidly spiraling costs (spiraling costs: 螺旋式上升的费用) to government and insurance carriers, which was set in a publicized environment of “the richest nation in the world,” produced for a time (for a time: adv.暂时, 一度) a sense of unlimited resources and allowed to develop a mood whereby every practitioner and institution could “do his own thing” without undue concern for the “Medical Commons.” The practice of full-cost reimbursement encouraged capital investment and now the industry is overcapitalized. Many cities have hundreds of excess hospital beds; hospitals have proliferated a superabundance of high-technology equipment; and structural ostentation and luxury were the order of the day (order of the day: 议程,<口>流行的事物,风尚). In any given day, one-fourth of all community beds are vacant; expensive equipment is underused or, worse, used unnecessarily. Capital investment brings rapidly rising operating costs (operating costs: 生产费用,营业成本).

　　Yet, in part, this pessimism derives from expecting too much of health care. It must be realized that care is, for most people, a painful experience, often accompanied by fear and unwelcome results. Although there is vast room for improvement, health care will always retain some unpleasantness and frustration. Moreover, the capacities of medical science are limited. Humpty Dumpty (一经损坏无法修复的东西) cannot always be put back together again. Too many physicians are reluctant to admit their limitations to patients; too many patients and families are unwilling to accept such realities. Nor is it true that everything has been tried and nothing works, as shown by the prepaid group practice plans of the Kaiser Foundation and at Puget Sound. In the main (in the main: adv.大体上), however, such undertakings have been drowned by a veritable flood of public and private moneys which have supported and encouraged the continuation of conventional practices and subsidized their shortcomings on a massive, almost unrestricted scale. Except for the most idealistic and dedicated, there were no incentives to seek change or to practice self-restraint or frugality. In this atmosphere, it is not fair to condemn as failures all attempted experiments; it may be more accurate to say many never had a fair trial.

　　1. The author implies that the Kaiser Foundation and Puget Sound plans (lines 47-48) differed from other plans by

　　(A) encouraging capital investment

　　(B) requiring physicians to treat the poor

　　(C) providing incentives for cost control

 　　(D) employing only dedicated and idealistic doctors(C)

　　(E) relying primarily on public funding

　　2. The author mentions all of the following as consequences of full-cost reimbursement EXCEPT

　　(A) rising operating costs

　　(B) underused hospital facilities

　　(C) overcapitalization

　　(D) overreliance on expensive equipment(E)

　　(E) lack of services for minorities

　　3. The tone of the passage can best be described as

　　(A) light-hearted and amused

　　(B) objective but concerned

　　(C) detached and unconcerned

　　(D) cautious but sincere(B)

　　(E) enthusiastic and enlightened

　　4. According to the author, the “pessimism” mentioned at line 35 is partly attributable to the fact that

　　(A) there has been little real improvement in health-care services

　　(B) expectations about health-care services are sometimes unrealistic

　　(C) large segments of the population find it impossible to get access to health-care services

　　(D) advances in technology have made health care service unaffordable(B)

　　(E) doctors are now less concerned with patient care

　　5. The author cites the prepaid plans in lines 46-48 as

　　(A) counterexamples to the claim that nothing has worked

　　(B) examples of health-care plans that were over-funded

　　(C) evidence that health-care services are fragmented

　　(D) proof of the theory that no plan has been successful(A)

　　(E) experiments that yielded disappointing results

　　6. It can be inferred that the sentence “Humpty Dumpty cannot always be put back together again” means that

　　(A) the cost of health-care services will not decline

　　(B) some people should not become doctors

　　(C) medical care is not really essential to good health

　　(D) illness is often unpleasant and even painful(E)

　　(E) medical science cannot cure every ill

　　7. With which of the following descriptions of the system for the delivery of health-care services would the author most likely agree?

　　(A) It is biased in favor of doctors and against patients.

　　(B) It is highly fragmented and completely ineffective

　　(C) It has not embraced new technology rapidly enough

　　(D) It is generally effective but can be improved(D)

　　(E) It discourages people from seeking medical care

　　8. Which of the following best describes the logical structure of the selection?

　　(A) The third paragraph is intended as a refutation of the first and second paragraphs.

　　(B) The second and third paragraphs explain and put into perspective the points made in the first paragraph.

　　(C) The second and third paragraphs explain and put into perspective the points made in the first paragraph.

　　(D) The first paragraph describes a problem, and the second and third paragraphs present two horns of a dilemma.(C)

　　(E) The first paragraph describes a problem, the second its causes, and the third a possible solution.

　　9. The author’s primary concern is to

　　(A) criticize physicians and health-care administrators for investing in techno­logically advanced equipment

　　(B) examine some problems affecting delivery of health-care services and assess their severity

　　(C) defend the medical community from charges that health-care has not improved since World War II

　　(D) analyze the reasons for the health-care industry’s inability to provide quality care to all segments of the population(B)

　　(E) describe the peculiar economic features of the health-care industry that are the causes of spiraling medical costs

　　总而言之，GMAT阅读提分不易，考生需要解决的难题不少。希望大家能够重视上文中提到的这些问题，在备考中做好充分的应对工作，努力争取在GMAT阅读中考出更为理想的成绩。

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