怎么训练英语写作能力

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怎么训练英语写作能力

引导语：英语作为中国人必须学习的一门外语，是大多数学生头疼的学科，特别是英语的写作更是难倒了很多人，所以努力提高英语写作能力对学生来说十分的重要！以下是有百分网小编给大家收集到的有关写作的问题和训练英语写作能力的方法，希望可以帮你提高英语写作能力！

怎么训练英语写作能力

　　如何训练英语作文写作

　　一、学生写作中的常见问题:

　　1.语法不过关。具体表现为：主谓一致、名词的单复数形式、代词的指代歧义、语态及时态错误、非完整句的错误、断句的错误、融合句的错误、句子的语序错误、非连接成分的使用、平行结构的错误、选词错误、搭配错误以及标点符号、大小写的错误等，比比皆是。比如：There have two person stand there. 显然就是一个改错题，正确There are two persons standing there.

　　2.受母语干扰。很多学生在写作中不遵从英语的表达或思维习惯，而是受汉语的影响，误将汉语的词义与英语的词义等同。在实际写作过程中，习惯用汉语组织思维，然后翻译成英语，导致用词错误，句子结构汉语思维的痕迹明显，出现大量的―中式‖英语，使文章显得词不达意，语病百出，甚至不知所云。例如：1) Some young people don’t have politeness. (have good manners) 2) He doesn’t seem to be afraid of the hot water. (mind) 3) The girl did not let her seat to the old man. (gave)

　　3.语言表达能力差，写作技巧贫乏。例如，句式变换少，残句断句经常出现，前后衔接手段单调，文章枯燥乏味;或是篇章结构混乱，中心思想表达不清。In this year, we are very grateful for your hard work, you can get along with classmates and friendly, like a friend do not say, you left I study harder, and students are working. In these restaurants, people stand at the counter. They order their food. They wait just a few minutes. They carry the food to a table themselves…(此句表达同一主题，过多使用短句，使人感觉支离破碎。) enjoys but have no time to read…(此句缺乏过渡词语，上下文不连贯，条理不清，有枯燥乏味之感。)

　　二、短文缩写(Summary)阶段:

　　短文缩写可以是就所学课文进行缩写，也可以采用其它阅读材料，但要求被缩写的材料难易程度不超过所学课本。被用于进行缩写的课文或其它材料必须观点明确，层次分明，叙述有条理。缩写时应做到简明扼要，抓住重点，不要拖泥带水，没有主次。初学阶段的被缩写材料不宜太长，以不超一千词为佳，缩写文以不超过2m词为佳。以下就一篇短文进行缩写，限于篇幅，短文内容有所节略。

　　Most shops in Britain open at 9.00 a.m. and close at 5.00 or 5.30 in the evening. Small shopsusually close for an hour at lunchtime. On one or two days a week-usually Thursday and/or Friday-some large food shops stay until about 8.00 p.m. for late night shopping.

　　Many shops are closed in the afternoon on one day a week. The days is usually Wednesday orThursday and it is a different day in different towns. Nearly all shops are closed on Sunday. News-paper shops are open in the morning, and sell sweets and cigarettes as well. But there are legal restrictions on selling many things on Sundays. Many large food shops(supermarkets)are self-service. When you go into one of these shops you take a basket and you put the things you wish to buy into it. You queue up at the cash-desk and pay for everything just before you leave. If anyone tries to take things from a shop without paying they are almost certain to be caught. Most shops have store detectives who have the job of catching shoplifters. Shoplifting is considered a serious crime by the police and the courts. When you are waiting to be served in a shop, itis important to wait your turn. It is important not to try to be served before people who arrived before you. Many people from overseas are astonished at the British habit of queuing.

　　将短文缩写如下：

　　This article tells us about British shops. British shops usually open at 9.00 a.m. and close at 5.00or 5.30 p.m. Many shops are closed in the afternoon one day a week. Nearly all shops are closed on Sundays. In Britain, many large food shops are self-service. And when you wait to be served in a shop, you have to wait patiently for your turn.

　　这是一篇不超过100词的缩写，句子基本上由原文各段落的主要内容构成。个别段落被完全删除以保证缩写重点突出，前后连贯。缩写是一种“依材剪贴”的习作方式，基本上采用原材料中的词语和句子，仅作了部分调整，是最初级的习作方式。

　　三、短文评论(Brief Comment)阶段:

　　短评是就所学课文或阅读材料进行评论。通过分析原文中的内容和观点，提出一定的看法。短评可以是对原文观点表示赞同，也可以提出异议或不同看法。如对前文便可作以下评论：

　　From the article we learned about British shops, about their opening and closing time and their service. But we find that there are something inconvenient with British shop service. First is the time. Shops in Britain open very late and close too early. Second is that there is almost no Sunday service. Where can people go if they suddenly need to buy something? The last is the habit of queuing. It will be a waste of time if the queue is too long.

　　初学阶段，短文评论的字数一般也应在150字左右，不宜写大多。短评是一种“一半依材一半发挥”的习作方式。在内容上，一部分取自原文，一部分靠自己的思考。在用词上，可以部分地依赖原文，也需使用一些其它词汇。此外，短评的行文布局和用句也是一半模仿，一半创造。短评的这种特点使它非常适合承接短文缩写阶段，而又为后期阶段打下一定的基础。

　　四、引导写作(Guided Writing)阶段:

　　引导写作可分为重新编排句子顺序。规定情景作文。看图作文。提纲作文。关键词作文等形式。这些形式均可以用于训练，但以提纲作文和关键词作文多用为佳. 提纲作文是一种给出题目和段落提纲的习作方式，其段落写作提纲可以采用段落主旨句的形式，也可以是短语。关键词作文是一种给出作文题目和一些关键词或词组的命题作文形式。由于有段落写作提纲或主旨句等，进行习作时，减少了审题环节，且写作思路受到引导。在训练初期，引导写作的命题应尽量与所学英语书本的内容挂钩，使学生能够参照一部分课文所学的词汇与结构，避免大多生词。如针对上篇短文便可出一道相关命题引导学生习作：

　　题目：shops in China

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