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职称英语历年真题《卫生B》完形填空题
在职称英语考试题型所有题型中，完形填空通常会被认为是最难的一部分，因为其注重考查考生的英语综合能力，考查的知识点多且杂，常常让考生觉得不知该从何处下手进行复习和准备。以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语历年真题《卫生B》完形填空，供大家备考。
职称英语历年真题《卫生B》完形填空题 1
Teaching and Learning Medicine Award
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could becandidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have alreadywon a series of medical 51 for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among thefront-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have 52 the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were 53 outin 1901. The last female winner was U.S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who54the prizewith Richard Axel.
Among the pairs possible 55 are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evansand Elwood Jensen, who56up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual, the award committee is giving no 57 about who is in the running beforepresenting its decision in a news conferenceat Stockholms Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel, the Swede who58dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the59ofmedicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobelbut a 1968 creation of Swedens central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to60winners, but medicine winners are typically61for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jomvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor (US $1.3million) prize encourages62research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal forscientists.
"Individual researchers probably dont63 atthemselves as potential Nobel Prize winnerswhen theyre64work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from theirresearch and their interest in how life65 ."
51. A. signs
B. claims
C. deals
D. honors
52. A. lost
B. taken
C. won
D. snatched
53. A. handed
B. shouted
C. read
D. delivered
54. A. had
B. received
C. shared
D. collected
55. A. rivals
B. matches
C. counterparts
D. partners
56. A. backed
B. opened
C. picked
D. worked
57. A. proposals
B. suggestions
C. ideas
D. hints
58. A. saw
B. discovered
C. invented
D. heard
59. A. groups
B. divisions
C. samples
D. categories
60. A. find
B. select
C. locate
D. search
61. A. awarded
B. sent
C. invited
D. demanded
62. A. ordinary
B. historical
C. ongoing
D. groundbreaking
63. A. regard
B. laugh
C. look
D. smile
64. A. on
B. for
C. with
D. at
65. A. means
B. passes
C. functions
D. rises
答案与解析
51.D。本题考查语义。题干：澳大利亚出生的美国公民Elizabeth Blackburn和Carol Greider已经赢得了一系列医学__________。根据标题和上文可知，这里讲的是两人所获得的医学奖项，只有honor能与此语义相关。故本题选D。
52.C。本题考查语义线索。题干：从l901年第一届诺贝尔奖__________开始，只有7个女性曾经医学奖项。鉴于前文谈论的是获得医学奖项的主题，因此这里填入“赢得奖项”最合适。
53.A。本题考查固定词组的含义。题干：从1901年第一届诺贝尔奖__________开始，只有7个女性曾经获得医学奖项。“hand out”意为“分发，发给，散发”，符合此处的语境，其他几个选项与out组成的短语都不合适。
54.C。此处考查固定搭配。题干：上一个女性诺贝尔奖获得者是美国科学家Linda Buck，她于2004年与Richard Axel共同__________该奖。四个选项中只有share与后面的介词with搭配，share sth.with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”，其他三个词都不能与with搭配。
55.A。这里考查语义线索。题干：在二人可能的__________中，法国人Pierre Chambon与美国人Ronald Evans和Elwood Jensen，他们研究蛋白质的领域，被称为核激素受体。从列举的人名来看，应该都是有可能获得的'科学家，所以他们之间为竞争对手关系，因此答案为A。
56.B。这里考查固定短语的含义。题干：在二人可能的竞争对手中，法国人Pierre Chambon与美国人Ronald Evans和Elwood Jensen，他们__________研究蛋白质的领域，被称为核激素受体。四个选项都可以与后面的介词up搭配，但是只有openup(打开，开创，开放)比较符合此处的语境。
57.D。这里考查语义线索。题干：通常情况下，在斯德哥尔摩的卡洛林斯卡研究所举行的新闻发布会公布决定前，评选委员会不会给任何进展中的。四个选项分别代入原文语境，“评委会不会透露任何与奖项有关的线索或提示”比较符合语境，所以该题答案为D。
58.C。这里考查语义。题干：阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔是瑞典人，他__________炸药，并根据其遗嘱设立诺贝尔奖在医学、物理学、化学、文学、和平等__________。众所周知，诺贝尔是炸药的发明者，所以答案为C。
59.D。这里考查语义线索。题干：阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔是瑞典人，他发明炸药，并根据其遗嘱设立诺贝尔奖在医学、物理学、化学、文学、和平等__________。诺贝尔奖设立于医学、物理学、化学、文学、和平等领域，所以category比较符合语境，其中division一般指分支、分部等，所以该题答案为D。
60.B。这里考查语义线索。题干：诺贝尔对于如何__________获奖者没有什么指示，但是医学获奖者__________是因为一个具体的研究突破而非一个研究机构。四个选项分别代入语境，select winner(挑选获奖者)比较符合语境，其他几个与语境都不符合，所以正确答案为B。
61.A。这里考查语义的线索。题干：诺贝尔对于如何挑选获奖者没有什么指示，但是医学获奖者是因为一个具体的研究突破而非一个研究机构。四个选项分别代入后，award the winner意为“奖励/授予获奖者”比较符合语境，所以该题答案为A。
62.D。这里是考查语义线索。题干：诺贝尔医学奖评奖委员会的秘书长Hans Jomvall认为10万克朗(约合l30万美元)鼓励了__________研究，但是他不认为获奖是科学家的首要目标。四个选项分别代入后，“鼓励了开创性的研究”比较符合语境，所以该题答案为D。
63.C。这里考查固定短语的搭配。Jornvall跟美联社的记者说，个体的研究者可能不会将他们__________为潜在的诺贝尔获奖者，当他们——工作的时候。四个选项中只有look at sb.as…(将某人视作……)为固定搭配，且符合语境。其他三个选项中regard不能与介词at搭配，而laugh/smile可以与at搭配，但是不能与as搭配，所以该题答案为C。
64.D。这里考查固定搭配。题干：Jomvall跟美联社的记者说，个体的研究者可能不会将他们__________为潜在的诺贝尔获奖者，当他们__________工作的时候。四个选项中只有be at work(在工作，在上班)为固定搭配，所以该题答案为D。
65.C。该题考查语义线索。题干：他们爱上了他们的研究，并培养了他们研究生命如何的兴趣。四个选项分别代入后发现，pass和rise不符合语境，means和function中how life means具有迷惑性，其实正确的表达为what life means(生命意味着什么)，所以该题的正确答案为C。
职称英语历年真题《卫生B》完形填空题 2
Freezing to Death for Beauty
People in Beijing wear a lot of clothing during winter to fend off the cold.In the United States, however, people wear (51) partly because the car is theprimary mode of transportation. Cars take (52) straight to their workplaces,which are heated well. The American diet is full of calories, so their (53)canafford to burn heat more quickly.
Fewer layers of clothing give people the opportunity to stay (54) Lots ofYale girls wear skirts (55) when its 10 degrees Centigrade outside. Some ofthem at least wear boots, tights, and leg-warmers1.Some,however, really just gofor the look (56)the risk of health2.These girls have nothing to prevent theirlegs (57)the wind, and no socks to protect their feet. A mini skirt and a pairof stilettos are all that they wear.
Typically, the ones pursuing fashion are (58) with little body fat. Just bythe nature of their bodies, they are already at a disadvantage compared withnormal people in (59) weather. I have always (60), whenever I pass these girls,how they manage to refrain from shivering and just smile like spring hadarrived3.
And then there are the guys. The girls can be said to (61) health forbeauty. But why do guys (62)so little? It is not like, once they shed somelayers, they suddenly become better-looking. They are not exactly beingfashionable when they (63)wear sporty shorts and shower slippers in the midstof winter. Its not cute.
Of course, people have the freedom to look whatever (64) he want. I am justsurprised that, given the vast difference between winter and summertemperatures in Connecticut, they can still (65)like they are partying on thebeach in the middle of February.
51. A. scarce B. less C. littleD. least
52. A. people B. students C. shoppers D.them
53. A. arms B. heads C. legs D.bodies
54. A. bony B. thin C. fashionable D. hungry
55. A. even B. sometimes C.frequently D. occasionally
56. A. in B. for C.at D. on
57. A. with B. against C. aboveD. under
58. A. fat B. ugly C. short D.skinny
59. A. warm B. cold C. cool D.hot
60. A. dreamed B. stated C. claimed D.wondered
61. A. sacrifice B. devote C.suffer D. endure
62. A. bear B. carry C. wear D.put on
63. A. only B. seldom C. rarelyD. hardly
64. A. method B. road C. way D.avenue
65. A. see B. resemble C. show D.look
职称英语历年真题《卫生B》完形填空题 3
If you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building-and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that__1__ directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit.
Sound Alert, a company__2__ the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for__3__ people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria.__4__produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine the __5__ is coming from.
Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be __6__ by humans. "It is a burst of white noise__7__ people say sounds like static on the radio," he says. "Its life-saving potential is great"
She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large__8__ room. It__9__ them nearly our minutes to find the door__10__ a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.
Withington studies how the brain__11__ sounds at the university. She says that the __12__ of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms__13__ on the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles.
The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up__14__ down stairs. They were__15__ with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.
1. A) without B)with C)having D)selling
2. A) run by B)changed by C) decorated by D)criticized by
3. A) slow B)deaf C)blind D)lame
4. A) Alarms B) Alarm C) The alarm D) The alarms
5. A) noise B) sound C) music D) bell
6. A) watched B) produced C) learnt D) heard
7. A) where B) what C) that D) how
8. A) smoked B) smoke-filled C) filled with smoke D) smoke-filling
9. A) has taken B) takes C) took D) will take
10. A) on B) near C) without D) from
11. A) processes B) produces C) possesses D) proceeds
12. A) feature B) quality C)diagram D) source
13. A) basis on B) base on C) basing on D) based on
14. A) or B) and C) but D) otherwise
15. A) developed B) determined C) discovered D) delivered
key: BACDB DCBCC ADDAA
The Greatest Mystery of Whales
The whale is a mammal - warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this. __1__ front flippers, used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.
Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale’s pulling __2__ has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have __3__ a whaling vessel for seven hours at the __4__ of eight knots.
An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous __5__ of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk __6__ South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled in the same way. Sperm whales were known to __7__ the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.
The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale __8__ the bottom for his favourite food, the octopus. __9__ he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds, to the square inch. Doing __10__ he will remain submerged as long as one hour. Two feats are involved in this : storing up enough __11__(all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just __12__ he dose it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And __13__ that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But __14__ you can’t bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one __15__ just how these things work.
EXERCISE:
1. A)Their B)His C)Theirs D)Its
2. A)strength B)width C)height D)length
3. A)eaten B)crashed C)towed D)lifted
4. A)distance B)rate C)voyage D)sail
5. A)picture B)film C)example D)book
6. A)off the coast of B)of the coast of C0away the coast of D)in the coast of
7. A)hit B)seize C)damage D)overturn
8. A)sink to B)rest on C)dive to D)hide on
9. A)In that search B)Because of this C)In spite of that D)In support of this
10. A)so B)such C)above D)the same
11. A)air B)oxygen C)energy D)heat
12. A)what B)where C)how D)when
13. A)it is believed B)he believes C)we believe D)it believes
14. A)because of B)due to C)since D)owing to
15. A)communicates B)knows C)hears D)develops
KEY:D A C B C A B C A A B C A C B
职称英语历年真题《卫生B》完形填空题 4
Avalanche (雪崩) and Its Safety
An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are__________ (1) the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.
All avalanches are caused by an overburden of material, typically snowpack (积雪场), that is too massive and trustable for the slope__________(2) supports it. Determining the critical load,the amount of over-burden which is __________ (3) to cause an avalanche, __________ (4) a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.
Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low __________(5) of avalanche. Snow does not __________(6) significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not__________(7) easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered (激发) avalanches have the greatest incidence(发生率) when the snows angle of rest is __________(8) 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb (经验法则) is: A slope that is__________(9) enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with__________ (10); that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.
Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry (人烟稀少的地区)is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous__________(11), including route selection and examination to the snowpack, weather __________ (12), and human factors. Several we|l-known good habits can also __________ (13)the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid__________(14) to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are__________ (15) or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.
1.A. among
B. of
C. to
D. in
2.A. when
B. that
C. who
D. whose
3.A. mostly
B. likely
C. clearly
D. surely
4.A. are
B. will be
C. is
D. was
5.A. weight
B. form
C. risk
D. work
6.A. fall
B. flow
C. roll
D. gather
7.A. fall
B. flow
C. roll
D. gather
8.A. among
B. between
C. with
D. for
9.A. thick
B. thin
C. flat
D. rocky
10. A. use
B. time
C. snow
D. rain
11. A. journey
B. trip
C. Fact
D. process
12. A. conditions
B. reports
C. forecast
D. event
13. A. increase
B. reduce
C. improve
D. remove
14. A. price
B. effort
C. attention
D. money
15. A. missing
B. grown
C. big
D. fresh
答案解析：
1.A。这里考查的是介词。这里是说，雪崩是山上可能发生的最大危险之一，因此应该选择among(在……之中)。
2.B。这里考查的是定语从句。根据定语从句引导词的选用原则，确定答案为that，具体参见定语从句【备考助手】。
3.B。这里是说，过度的雪积压导致雪崩。显然是可能而不是必定导致雪崩。所以，B是最佳答案。
4.C。这里考查的是主谓一致。该句的主语是determining the critical load，从上下文来看应该使用一般现在时，所以C是正确答案。
5.C。这里是说，坡度小于25度或者大于60度有较低的发生雪崩的__________ 。weight(重量)、form(形式)、risk(风险)、work(工作)分别代入，只有a low risk of avalanche符合上下文的意思。后面的句子解释了a low risk ofavalanche的道理，证实了应选risk。
6.D。第6题和第7题是讲为什么坡度小于25度或者大于60度发生雪崩的风险较低。本句是说，在坡度大的坡上，雪不会大量。9ather(聚集)符合语境，因为在坡度大的坡上雪不聚集才不会发生雪崩。
7.B。本句是说，在较为平坦的坡面，雪不会轻易__________ 。roll(滑动)符合语境，因为在较为平坦的坡面上雪不会轻易滑动，所以发生雪崩的危险比较低。
8.B。本句是说，坡度在35——45度之间，最可能发生人为触发的雪崩。between意为“在……之间”。
9.C。这个句子说的是什么样的山坡最易发生雪崩，flat有“平坦”之意，与后面的steep形成对比。
10.A。句中的'that is表明，后半部分是对前半部分的进一步说明。所以，这里要根据下文的意思判断。use是最佳选择。整个句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用得越多，雪崩就越可能发生。
11.D。尽管选项A、B和D都能和continuous搭配，从全段的内容判断，只有process是最佳选择，因为该段描写的是如何防备雪崩及如何做好安全措施等一系列问题。
12.A。从上下文来看，这里谈论的是如何防备雪崩，包括路线的选择，对积雪的选择，天气和人为因素。选项A、B、C都可以与weather搭配，但是根据上下文，只有weather condition(天气状况)最符合语境。
13.B。从上下文语境来看，这里还是谈论如何防备雪崩，所以选项A不符合句子的意思;C不能和risk搭配;D也不符合句子的意思，因为不可能完全消除雪崩的隐患。
14.c。该句主句使用的是被动语态。第二个动词是pay attention to的被动形式。选项A、B、D均不符合句子的意思。
15.A。从上下文语境来看，该句是作者给出的一系列忠告之一，包括认真观察地形、注意明显的雪崩路径。这里的or是解题线索，表示or前后的词在意思上接近，所以选择missing(缺少的)。
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