职称英语理工阅读真题
无论是在学校还是在社会中，我们都可能会接触到试题，借助试题可以更好地对被考核者的知识才能进行考察测验。什么类型的试题才能有效帮助到我们呢？下面是小编精心整理的职称英语理工阅读真题试题，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
1、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US ａｎｄ one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). ａｎｄ the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US ａｎｄ Russia, fｏｒno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fｏｒtests on new treatments ａｎｄ vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US ａｎｄ Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\t mean the idea is _____. If the virus is useful, then let\s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.adopts
B.rejects
C.suggests
D.introduces
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析。本题可以借助语法知识来确定答案。句子的前后两部分用as连接，表明前后两句话的意思相近，前半句中出现object 一词，那么后面应用object的近义词，都是“反对”的意思，答案是B。
2、Meet Your Memory1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched ｏｒweighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a ｓｅｔof skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard fｏｒjudging a good ｏｒpoｏｒmemory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory ａｎｄ long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity ａｎｄ a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), ｏｒgrouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory fｏｒit. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the ｏｒｃｅｒit was presented ａｎｄ in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time ａｎｄ how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Paragraph 4 ______【单选题】
A.Why do we forget things?
B.How do we measure memory?
C.What are the stages memory consists of?
D.What is the difference between short - term memory ａｎｄ long - term memory?
E.What is memory?
F.Who may have a poｏｒmemory?
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题有一定难度，没有明显的主旨句，需要较强归纳能力。文章第四段主要论述了测量记忆力的三种方法，回来看选项，B项How do we measure memory?简单概括了本段主要意思，是答案。
3、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.Paragraph 4 ______【单选题】
A.Where do hurricanes usually happen?
B.What damages can a hurricane cause?
C.What should you do during a hurricane?
D.What is a hurricane?
E.What are different names of hurricanes?
F.How do you know a hurricane is coming?
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题难度不大，段落主旨句比较明显，在文章第四段的第一句：If a hurricane is coming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ find shelter immediately.回来看选项，C项简单概括了第一段的主要意思，是答案。
4、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe colｏｒred often means danger ａｎｄ by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the colｏｒred also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports ｏｒother kinds of materials, could one day contain a colｏｒ- changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses ｏｒfalls apart.The secret behind the colｏｒ- changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is aｇｒｏｕｐof atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes ａｎｄ sizes ａｎｄ make up everything you can see, touch ｏｒfeel. How a molecule behaves depends on _____ kinds of atoms it contains ａｎｄ how they\re held together.When a polymer (聚合物) containing a colｏｒ- changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" ｏｒweak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks ａｎｄ the material turns red. "It\s a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos ａｎｄ her team tested the colｏｒ- changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.There is a way to get rid of the red colｏｒlight. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed ａｎｄ the red colｏｒdisappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem fｏｒengineers. They need to use the colｏｒ- changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. ａｎｄ sunlight will make the mechanophore\s warning system useless.Sottos ａｎｄ her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the colｏｒ- changing molecules can be used outside the lab.【单选题】
A.why
B.how
C.what
D.where
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题难度不大，考查宾语从句引导词what的用法，本题可以先看选项，得到信息提示，很明显，答案是C。
5、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe colｏｒred often means danger ａｎｄ by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the colｏｒred also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports ｏｒother kinds of materials, could one day contain a colｏｒ- changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses ｏｒfalls apart.The secret behind the colｏｒ- changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is aｇｒｏｕｐof atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes ａｎｄ sizes ａｎｄ make up everything you can see, touch ｏｒfeel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains ａｎｄ how they\re held together.When a polymer (聚合物) containing a colｏｒ- changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" ｏｒweak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks ａｎｄ the material turns red. "It\s a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos ａｎｄ her team tested the colｏｒ- changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.There is a way to get rid of the red colｏｒlight. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed ａｎｄ the red colｏｒ_____. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem fｏｒengineers. They need to use the colｏｒ- changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. ａｎｄ sunlight will make the mechanophore\s warning system useless.Sottos ａｎｄ her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the colｏｒ- changing molecules can be used outside the lab.【单选题】
A.repairs
B.controls
C.finishes
D.disappears
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一·定难度，关键在理解好文章上下文意义，文章此处是说“红色消失了”，答案是D。
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